महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-61, verse-3

पुत्रशोकाभिसंतप्तं क्रुद्धं मृत्युमिवान्तकम् ।
आयान्तं पुरुषव्याघ्रं कथं ददृशुराहवे ॥३॥

3. putraśokābhisaṁtaptaṁ kruddhaṁ mṛtyumivāntakam ,
āyāntaṁ puruṣavyāghraṁ kathaṁ dadṛśurāhave.

3. putraśokābhisantaptam kruddham mṛtyum iva antakam
| āyāntam puruṣavyāghram katham dadṛśuḥ āhave

3. katham āhave putraśokābhisantaptam kruddham
mṛtyum iva antakam āyāntam puruṣavyāghram dadṛśuḥ

3. "How did they (my warriors) confront in battle the tiger among men (puruṣavyāghra) who was approaching, greatly tormented and enraged by grief for his son, like Death (mṛtyu) itself, the Destroyer (antaka)?"

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रशोकाभिसन्तप्तम् (putraśokābhisantaptam) - Arjuna, deeply affected by Abhimanyu's death. (greatly tormented by sorrow for his son)

• क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged, angry

• मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - Death, mortality

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अन्तकम् (antakam) - An epithet of Yama, the god of death. (the Destroyer, the ender)

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching

• पुरुषव्याघ्रम् (puruṣavyāghram) - Arjuna (tiger among men, best of men)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw, they perceived

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रशोकाभिसन्तप्तम् (putraśokābhisantaptam) - Arjuna, deeply affected by Abhimanyu's death. (greatly tormented by sorrow for his son)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putraśokābhisantapta

putraśokābhisantapta - greatly afflicted by grief for a son

Compound. putraśoka + abhisantapta. abhisantapta is PPP of santap (to heat, torment) with abhi.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+śoka+abhisantapta)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• śoka – grief, sorrow
  noun (masculine)
• abhisantapta – greatly afflicted, tormented
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root tap with abhi-sam
  Prefixes: abhi+sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'puruṣavyāghram'.

क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry

Past Passive Participle

From root krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'puruṣavyāghram'.

मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - Death, mortality

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, mortality, the god of death (mṛtyu)

From root mṛ (to die).

Root: mṛ

Note: Used in simile 'mṛtyum iva'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

अन्तकम् (antakam) - An epithet of Yama, the god of death. (the Destroyer, the ender)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of antaka

antaka - causing an end, destroyer, death

From anta (end) + ka (suffix).

Note: In apposition to 'mṛtyum'.

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - coming, approaching

Present Active Participle

From root yā (to go) with prefix ā-. Masculine singular accusative.

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

पुरुषव्याघ्रम् (puruṣavyāghram) - Arjuna (tiger among men, best of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, excellent man, hero

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'dadṛśuḥ'.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw, they perceived

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect active indicative

3rd person plural, Perfect tense

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied to be Dhritarashtra's warriors.

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, combat, war

From root hu (to offer) with ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)