महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-15, verse-42

शोणितोदां रथावर्तां कृत्वा विशसने नदीम् ।
शूरास्थिचयसंकीर्णां प्रेतकूलापहारिणीम् ॥४२॥

42. śoṇitodāṁ rathāvartāṁ kṛtvā viśasane nadīm ,
śūrāsthicayasaṁkīrṇāṁ pretakūlāpahāriṇīm.

42. śoṇitodām rathāvartām kṛtvā viśasane nadīm
śūrāsthi-caya-saṃkīrṇām pretakūlāpahāriṇīm

42. viśasane śoṇitodām rathāvartām
śūrāsthi-caya-saṃkīrṇām pretakūlāpahāriṇīm nadīm kṛtvā

42. Having made a river in the slaughter, with blood as its water, chariots as its whirlpools, strewn with piles of heroes' bones, and carrying away the banks of corpses.

Words meanings summery:

• शोणितोदाम् (śoṇitodām) - having blood as water, blood-watered

• रथावर्ताम् (rathāvartām) - having chariots as whirlpools, chariot-whirlpooled

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having done

• विशसने (viśasane) - in the slaughter, in the act of cutting down

• नदीम् (nadīm) - a river

• शूरास्थि-चय-संकीर्णाम् (śūrāsthi-caya-saṁkīrṇām) - strewn with piles of heroes' bones

• प्रेतकूलापहारिणीम् (pretakūlāpahāriṇīm) - carrying away the banks of corpses, flowing with banks of ghosts/corpses

Words meanings and morphology

शोणितोदाम् (śoṇitodām) - having blood as water, blood-watered

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śoṇitodā

śoṇitodā - having blood as water, blood-watered (feminine)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śoṇita+uda)

• śoṇita – blood, red
  noun (neuter)
• uda – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying `nadīm`.

रथावर्ताम् (rathāvartām) - having chariots as whirlpools, chariot-whirlpooled

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rathāvartā

rathāvartā - having chariots as whirlpools (feminine)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ratha+āvarta)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• āvarta – whirlpool, eddy, turning
  noun (masculine)
  From root vṛt- with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying `nadīm`.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having done

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from root kṛ- with suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Gerund/Absolutive.

विशसने (viśasane) - in the slaughter, in the act of cutting down

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of viśasana

viśasana - slaughter, killing, cutting down, destruction

From root śas- with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: śas (class 1)

नदीम् (nadīm) - a river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Direct object of `kṛtvā`.

शूरास्थि-चय-संकीर्णाम् (śūrāsthi-caya-saṁkīrṇām) - strewn with piles of heroes' bones

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śūrāsthi-caya-saṃkīrṇā

śūrāsthi-caya-saṁkīrṇā - strewn with piles of heroes' bones (feminine)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śūra+asthi+caya+saṃkīrṇa)

• śūra – hero, brave, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• asthi – bone
  noun (neuter)
• caya – pile, heap, collection
  noun (masculine)
  From root ci- (to gather).
  Root: ci (class 5)
• saṃkīrṇa – strewn, mingled, covered, mixed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kīr- with prefix saṃ-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kīr (class 6)

Note: Adjective modifying `nadīm`.

प्रेतकूलापहारिणीम् (pretakūlāpahāriṇīm) - carrying away the banks of corpses, flowing with banks of ghosts/corpses

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pretakūlāpahāriṇī

pretakūlāpahāriṇī - carrying away the banks of corpses (feminine)

From `preta` (corpse/ghost) + `kūla` (bank) + `apahāriṇī` (carrying away).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (preta+kūla+apahāriṇī)

• preta – departed spirit, ghost, corpse
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root i- (to go) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: i (class 2)
• kūla – bank (of a river), shore, mound
  noun (neuter)
• apahāriṇī – female who carries away, takes away, steals
  noun (feminine)
  agent noun (feminine)
  From root hṛ- with prefix apa-.
  Prefix: apa
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying `nadīm`.