महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-15, verse-23

कुमारस्तु ततो द्रोणं सायकेन महाहवे ।
विव्याधोरसि संक्रुद्धः सिंहवच्चानदन्मुहुः ॥२३॥

23. kumārastu tato droṇaṁ sāyakena mahāhave ,
vivyādhorasi saṁkruddhaḥ siṁhavaccānadanmuhuḥ.

23. kumāraḥ tu tataḥ droṇam sāyakena mahāhave vivyādha
urasi saṃkruddhaḥ siṃhavat ca anadat muhuḥ

23. tataḥ tu saṃkruddhaḥ kumāraḥ mahāhave droṇam
urasi sāyakena vivyādha ca siṃhavat muhuḥ anadat

23. But then, the young warrior, furious, pierced Droṇa in the chest with an arrow in the great battle, and roared repeatedly like a lion.

Words meanings summery:

• कुमारः (kumāraḥ) - the young warrior (Abhimanyu) (young man, prince, warrior)

• तु (tu) - but, however (indicating a continuation or slight contrast) (but, indeed, however)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, afterwards)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - The preceptor Droṇa (Droṇa)

• सायकेन (sāyakena) - with an arrow (by an arrow, with an arrow)

• महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle (referring to the Kurukṣetra War) (in a great battle, in a great war)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (with an arrow) (pierced, wounded, struck)

• उरसि (urasi) - in the chest (in the chest, on the breast)

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - furious, extremely angry (greatly enraged, furious, very angry)

• सिंहवत् (siṁhavat) - like a lion (like a lion, lion-like)

• च (ca) - and (connecting two actions) (and, also)

• अनदत् (anadat) - roared (like a lion) (roared, sounded, cried out)

• मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly (repeatedly, again and again, instantly)

Words meanings and morphology

कुमारः (kumāraḥ) - the young warrior (Abhimanyu) (young man, prince, warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumāra

kumāra - a boy, youth, prince, son, warrior

Note: Subject of 'vivyādha' and 'anadat'.

तु (tu) - but, however (indicating a continuation or slight contrast) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - The preceptor Droṇa (Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Name of a famous preceptor, a teacher of archery

Note: Object of 'vivyādha'.

सायकेन (sāyakena) - with an arrow (by an arrow, with an arrow)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, dart

Derived from the root 'si' (to bind, cast) or 'so' (to sharpen) with the suffix '-aka'.

Root: si/so (class 4)

Note: Instrument of 'vivyādha'.

महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle (referring to the Kurukṣetra War) (in a great battle, in a great war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, great war

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+hava)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• hava – battle, war, sacrifice, call
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root 'hū' (to call, invoke).
  Root: hū (class 3)

Note: Adverbial locative of place.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (with an arrow) (pierced, wounded, struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vyadh

Perfect tense, third person singular, active voice

From the verb root 'vyadh' (to pierce), in the perfect active voice, third person singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

उरसि (urasi) - in the chest (in the chest, on the breast)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uras

uras - chest, breast, bosom

Note: Adverbial locative of place.

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - furious, extremely angry (greatly enraged, furious, very angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - enraged, furious, highly angry, exasperated

Past Passive Participle

From the verb root 'krudh' (to be angry) with the intensifying prefix 'sam' (completely, together). 'saṃkruddha' is its past passive participle form.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'kumāraḥ'.

सिंहवत् (siṁhavat) - like a lion (like a lion, lion-like)

(indeclinable)

Formed from the noun 'siṃha' (lion) with the taddhita suffix '-vat' (indicating similarity or manner).

च (ca) - and (connecting two actions) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'vivyādha' and 'anadat'.

अनदत् (anadat) - roared (like a lion) (roared, sounded, cried out)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nad

Imperfect tense, third person singular, active voice

From the verb root 'nad' (to sound, roar), in the imperfect active voice, third person singular.

Root: nad (class 1)

मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly (repeatedly, again and again, instantly)

(indeclinable)