महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-15, verse-22

द्रोणं निवारितं दृष्ट्वा कुमारेण द्विजर्षभम् ।
सिंहनादरवो ह्यासीत्साधु साध्विति भाषताम् ॥२२॥

22. droṇaṁ nivāritaṁ dṛṣṭvā kumāreṇa dvijarṣabham ,
siṁhanādaravo hyāsītsādhu sādhviti bhāṣatām.

22. droṇam nivāritam dṛṣṭvā kumāreṇa dvijarṣabham
siṃhanādaravaḥ hi āsīt sādhu sādhu iti bhāṣatām

22. kumāreṇa droṇam dvijarṣabham nivāritam dṛṣṭvā,
"sādhu sādhu" iti bhāṣatām siṃhanādaravaḥ hi āsīt

22. Upon seeing Droṇa, the best among the twice-born, stopped by the young warrior, a lion-like roar indeed arose from those exclaiming, "Excellent! Excellent!"

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - The preceptor Droṇa (Droṇa)

• निवारितम् (nivāritam) - stopped (from fighting or advancing) (stopped, prevented, warded off)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, upon seeing)

• कुमारेण (kumāreṇa) - by the young warrior (referring to Abhimanyu or another Kuru prince) (by the young man, by the prince, by the warrior)

• द्विजर्षभम् (dvijarṣabham) - best among the brahmins (an honorific epithet for Droṇa) (best among the twice-born)

• सिंहनादरवः (siṁhanādaravaḥ) - a loud, powerful roar (like a lion's) (roar of a lion, lion-like sound)

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle) (indeed, surely, for, because)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - arose, there was (was, existed)

• साधु (sādhu) - "Excellent!" (as an exclamation) (excellent, good, well done, virtuous)

• साधु (sādhu) - "Excellent!" (as an exclamation) (excellent, good, well done, virtuous)

• इति (iti) - marking direct speech or quotation (thus, so, in this manner)

• भाषताम् (bhāṣatām) - from the speakers (who were exclaiming 'Excellent!') (of those speaking, of the speakers)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - The preceptor Droṇa (Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Name of a famous preceptor, a teacher of archery

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

निवारितम् (nivāritam) - stopped (from fighting or advancing) (stopped, prevented, warded off)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nivārita

nivārita - prevented, stopped, warded off, hindered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the verb root 'vṛ' (to cover, enclose) with the prefix 'ni' (down, in, into). The combination 'ni-vṛ' means to hinder, stop, prevent. 'nivārita' is its past passive participle form.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'droṇam'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, upon seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the verb root 'dṛś' (to see) with the indeclinable suffix 'ktvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कुमारेण (kumāreṇa) - by the young warrior (referring to Abhimanyu or another Kuru prince) (by the young man, by the prince, by the warrior)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kumāra

kumāra - a boy, youth, prince, son, warrior

Note: Agent of 'nivāritam'.

द्विजर्षभम् (dvijarṣabham) - best among the brahmins (an honorific epithet for Droṇa) (best among the twice-born)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvijarṣabha

dvijarṣabha - best among the twice-born, excellent brahmin

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+ṛṣabha)

• dvija – twice-born (a brahmin, a bird, a tooth)
  noun (masculine)
  From 'dvi' (twice) and 'jan' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ṛṣabha – a bull, best, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'droṇam'.

सिंहनादरवः (siṁhanādaravaḥ) - a loud, powerful roar (like a lion's) (roar of a lion, lion-like sound)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃhanādarava

siṁhanādarava - a lion's roar, a loud sound, a powerful shout

Compound type : tatpurusha (siṃha+nāda+rava)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• nāda – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the verb root 'nad' (to sound, roar).
  Root: nad (class 1)
• rava – sound, cry, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the verb root 'ru' (to sound, cry).
  Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'āsīt'.

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle) (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - arose, there was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect tense, third person singular, active voice

From the verb root 'as' (to be), in the imperfect active voice, third person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

साधु (sādhu) - "Excellent!" (as an exclamation) (excellent, good, well done, virtuous)

(adjective)

of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, excellent, well done, proper, straight

Note: Repeated for emphasis.

साधु (sādhu) - "Excellent!" (as an exclamation) (excellent, good, well done, virtuous)

(adjective)

of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, excellent, well done, proper, straight

Note: Repeated for emphasis.

इति (iti) - marking direct speech or quotation (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

भाषताम् (bhāṣatām) - from the speakers (who were exclaiming 'Excellent!') (of those speaking, of the speakers)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhāṣat

bhāṣat - speaking, talking, saying

Present Active Participle

From the verb root 'bhāṣ' (to speak, say), in its present active participle form.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Connects to 'siṃhanādaravaḥ' as 'a roar of those speaking'.