महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-80, verse-7

केतुं निपतितं दृष्ट्वा श्रुतायुः स तु पार्थिवः ।
पाण्डवं विशिखैस्तीक्ष्णै राजन्विव्याध सप्तभिः ॥७॥

7. ketuṁ nipatitaṁ dṛṣṭvā śrutāyuḥ sa tu pārthivaḥ ,
pāṇḍavaṁ viśikhaistīkṣṇai rājanvivyādha saptabhiḥ.

7. ketum nipatitam dṛṣṭvā śrutāyuḥ saḥ tu pārthivaḥ
pāṇḍavam viśikhaiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ rājan vivyādha saptabhiḥ

7. rājan,
saḥ pārthivaḥ śrutāyuḥ tu,
ketum nipatitam dṛṣṭvā,
pāṇḍavam tīkṣṇaiḥ saptabhiḥ viśikhaiḥ vivyādha

7. O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), upon seeing his banner fallen, that king Śrutāyuḥ, however, pierced the Pandava (Yudhishthira) with seven sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• केतुम् (ketum) - the banner (banner, flag, standard, mark)

• निपतितम् (nipatitam) - fallen (fallen, descended, brought down)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, after seeing)

• श्रुतायुः (śrutāyuḥ) - Śrutāyuḥ (name of the king) (having renowned life, Śrutāyuḥ (proper name))

• सः (saḥ) - that (he, that)

• तु (tu) - however (but, on the other hand, however, indeed)

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - that king (king, earthly ruler, son of earth)

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - the Pandava (Yudhishthira) (the Pandava (accusative))

• विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

• तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - by sharp (arrows) (by sharp, by keen (ones))

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king!)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (he pierced, he wounded)

• सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - with seven (arrows) (by seven)

Words meanings and morphology

केतुम् (ketum) - the banner (banner, flag, standard, mark)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ketu

ketu - banner, flag, standard, mark, sign, chief, leader, comet

u-stem

निपतितम् (nipatitam) - fallen (fallen, descended, brought down)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen, descended, flown down, landed

Past Passive Participle

From root √pat (to fall) with prefix ni (down)

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: (agrees with ketum)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

श्रुतायुः (śrutāyuḥ) - Śrutāyuḥ (name of the king) (having renowned life, Śrutāyuḥ (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutāyu

śrutāyu - having renowned life, famous, name of a king (Śrutāyuḥ)

From śruta (heard, famous) + āyu (life). Compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (śruta+āyu)

• śruta – heard, listened, famous, celebrated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √śru (to hear)
  Root: śru (class 5)
• āyu – life, duration of life, vital power
  noun (neuter)
  u-stem

Note: (Subject of the verb vivyādha)

सः (saḥ) - that (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: (Refers to Śrutāyuḥ)

तु (tu) - however (but, on the other hand, however, indeed)

(indeclinable)

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - that king (king, earthly ruler, son of earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, regal, king, ruler

From pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ (suffix)

Note: (Agrees with śrutāyuḥ and saḥ)

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - the Pandava (Yudhishthira) (the Pandava (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu, belonging to Pāṇḍu

From Pāṇḍu + aṇ (patronymic suffix)

Note: (Object of the verb vivyādha)

विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow, headless, crestless

From vi (without) + śikhā (crest, tuft). Compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (vi+śikhā)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
  prefix
• śikhā – crest, topknot, tuft, flame, point
  noun (feminine)
  ā-stem

तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - by sharp (arrows) (by sharp, by keen (ones))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, pungent, hot, severe

Note: (Agrees with viśikhaiḥ)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (he pierced, he wounded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vyadh

Perfect tense, third person singular, active voice

Reduplicated perfect of √vyadh

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: (Subject is Śrutāyuḥ)

सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - with seven (arrows) (by seven)

(indeclinable)

Cardinal number, always plural