महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-80, verse-27

चेकितानस्ततः खड्गं कोशादुद्धृत्य भारत ।
लाघवं परमास्थाय गौतमं समुपाद्रवत् ॥२७॥

27. cekitānastataḥ khaḍgaṁ kośāduddhṛtya bhārata ,
lāghavaṁ paramāsthāya gautamaṁ samupādravat.

27. cekitānaḥ tataḥ khaḍgam kośāt uddhṛtya Bhārata
lāghavam parama āsthāya Gautamam sam-upa-adravat

27. Bhārata tataḥ cekitānaḥ kośāt khaḍgam uddhṛtya
parama lāghavam āsthāya Gautamam sam-upa-adravat

27. O Bhārata, Cekitana then drew his sword from its sheath and, displaying supreme agility, rushed towards Gautama.

Words meanings summery:

• चेकितानः (cekitānaḥ) - Cekitana (proper noun)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, from there)

• खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

• कोशात् (kośāt) - from the sheath (from the sheath, from the treasury, from the cover)

• उद्धृत्य (uddhṛtya) - having drawn out (having drawn out, having lifted, having rescued)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Sañjaya) (O descendant of Bharata (vocative))

• लाघवम् (lāghavam) - agility (lightness, agility, quickness)

• परम (parama) - supreme (agility) (supreme, highest, greatest)

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having employed (or displaying) (having stood upon, having taken recourse to, having employed)

• गौतमम् (gautamam) - Gautama (Gautama (accusative))

• सम्-उप-अद्रवत् (sam-upa-adravat) - rushed towards (rushed towards, attacked)

Words meanings and morphology

चेकितानः (cekitānaḥ) - Cekitana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cekitāna

cekitāna - Cekitana (a Yadu warrior)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, from there)

(indeclinable)

खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword

कोशात् (kośāt) - from the sheath (from the sheath, from the treasury, from the cover)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kośa

kośa - sheath, scabbard, treasury, case

उद्धृत्य (uddhṛtya) - having drawn out (having drawn out, having lifted, having rescued)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form (lyap) from root 'hṛ' with prefix 'ud'

Prefix: ud

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Forms a compound verb with ud-hṛ.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Sañjaya) (O descendant of Bharata (vocative))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of Bhārata

Bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior

Root: bhṛ

लाघवम् (lāghavam) - agility (lightness, agility, quickness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lāghava

lāghava - lightness, nimbleness, agility, quickness

Abstract noun from 'laghu' (light, quick)

परम (parama) - supreme (agility) (supreme, highest, greatest)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, greatest, ultimate

Superlative of 'para' (other, distant)

Note: Agrees with 'lāghavam'.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having employed (or displaying) (having stood upon, having taken recourse to, having employed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form (lyap) from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Forms a compound verb with ā-sthā.

गौतमम् (gautamam) - Gautama (Gautama (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of Gautama

Gautama - Gautama (a sage's name, or descendant of Gotama)

सम्-उप-अद्रवत् (sam-upa-adravat) - rushed towards (rushed towards, attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, Imperfect tense, Parasmaidapi, from root 'dru' with prefixes 'sam' and 'upa'

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: The prefixes sam-upa- make it "rushed close to" or "rushed together towards".