महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-7, verse-28

तां धारयामास पुरा दुर्धरां पर्वतैरपि ।
शतं वर्षसहस्राणां शिरसा वै महेश्वरः ॥२८॥

28. tāṁ dhārayāmāsa purā durdharāṁ parvatairapi ,
śataṁ varṣasahasrāṇāṁ śirasā vai maheśvaraḥ.

28. tām dhārayāmāsa purā durdharām parvataiḥ api
śatam varṣasahasrāṇām śirasā vai maheśvaraḥ

28. purā vai maheśvaraḥ parvataiḥ api durdharām tām śirasā śatam varṣasahasrāṇām dhārayāmāsa.

28. Formerly (purā), the Great Lord (Maheśvara) indeed (vai) sustained her (tām) on his head (śirasā) for a hundred thousand years (śataṃ varṣasahasrāṇām), her who was irresistible (durdharām) even for mountains (parvataiḥ api).

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her (referring to Gaṅgā from the previous verse) (her, that (feminine))

• धारयामास (dhārayāmāsa) - he held, he bore, he sustained

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, before

• दुर्धराम् (durdharām) - her, who was difficult to sustain (difficult to bear, irresistible, hard to hold)

• पर्वतैः (parvataiḥ) - by mountains

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• शतम् (śatam) - a hundred (thousands of years) (a hundred)

• वर्षसहस्राणाम् (varṣasahasrāṇām) - of thousands of years

• शिरसा (śirasā) - on his head (with the head, by the head, on the head)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

• महेश्वरः (maheśvaraḥ) - Lord Maheśvara (a name of Shiva) (the Great Lord, Śiva)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her (referring to Gaṅgā from the previous verse) (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धारयामास (dhārayāmāsa) - he held, he bore, he sustained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of dhārayāmāsa

Periphrastic Perfect

Derived from the causative stem dhāray- (of root √dhṛ 'to hold') + auxiliary verb ām āsa (perfect form of as 'to be')

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, before

(indeclinable)

दुर्धराम् (durdharām) - her, who was difficult to sustain (difficult to bear, irresistible, hard to hold)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of durdhara

durdhara - difficult to bear, hard to hold, irresistible

Agent adjective

Derived from prefix dur- (difficult) + root √dhṛ (to hold, bear) + suffix -a (kṛt suffix)

Compound type : pra-adi tatpuruṣa (dur+dhara)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• dhara – bearing, holding, carrying, supporting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent adjective
  Derived from root √dhṛ (to hold, bear) with suffix -a
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'tām'.

पर्वतैः (parvataiḥ) - by mountains

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

शतम् (śatam) - a hundred (thousands of years) (a hundred)

(numeral)

वर्षसहस्राणाम् (varṣasahasrāṇām) - of thousands of years

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - thousand years

Compound type : dvigu (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – year, rain, rainy season
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

शिरसा (śirasā) - on his head (with the head, by the head, on the head)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

महेश्वरः (maheśvaraḥ) - Lord Maheśvara (a name of Shiva) (the Great Lord, Śiva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - Great Lord, a name of Śiva

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)