महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-7, verse-2

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तः स राज्ञा तु संजयो वाक्यमब्रवीत् ।
प्रागायता महाराज षडेते रत्नपर्वताः ।
अवगाढा ह्युभयतः समुद्रौ पूर्वपश्चिमौ ॥२॥

2. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktaḥ sa rājñā tu saṁjayo vākyamabravīt ,
prāgāyatā mahārāja ṣaḍete ratnaparvatāḥ ,
avagāḍhā hyubhayataḥ samudrau pūrvapaścimau.

2. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca evam uktaḥ saḥ rājñā
tu saṃjayaḥ vākyam abravīt prāgāyatāḥ
mahārāja ṣaṭ ete ratnaparvatāḥ avagāḍhāḥ
hi ubhayataḥ samudrau pūrvapaścimau

2. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca mahārāja rājñā evam
uktaḥ saḥ saṃjayaḥ tu vākyam abravīt
ete ṣaṭ ratnaparvatāḥ prāgāyatāḥ hi
ubhayataḥ pūrvapaścimau samudrau avagāḍhāḥ

2. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: "Thus addressed by the king, that Saṃjaya spoke these words: 'O great king (mahārāja), these six jewel-mountains (ratnaparvatāḥ) extend eastward. They are indeed immersed on both sides in the eastern and western oceans.'"

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampaayana, narrating the story (Vaiśampaayana (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Vaiśampaayana said (said, spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by the king) (said, spoken, addressed)

• सः (saḥ) - that (Sanjaya) (he, that)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king (Dhritarashtra) (by the king)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sanjaya, who spoke (Sanjaya)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - these words, a statement (word, speech, sentence, statement)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (these words) (spoke, said, told)

• प्रागायताः (prāgāyatāḥ) - extending eastward (referring to the mountains) (extending eastward, stretched towards the east)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (vocative) (great king)

• षट् (ṣaṭ) - these six (mountains) (six)

• एते (ete) - these (mountains) (these)

• रत्नपर्वताः (ratnaparvatāḥ) - jewel-mountains (jewel mountains)

• अवगाढाः (avagāḍhāḥ) - immersed (in the oceans) (immersed, submerged, plunged into)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• उभयतः (ubhayataḥ) - on both sides (on both sides, from both sides)

• समुद्रौ (samudrau) - the two oceans (eastern and western) (two oceans)

• पूर्वपश्चिमौ (pūrvapaścimau) - the eastern and western (oceans) (eastern and western)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampaayana, narrating the story (Vaiśampaayana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampaayana (a celebrated sage and pupil of Vyasa)

Note: Speaker's name.

उवाच (uvāca) - Vaiśampaayana said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense form

Root vac, irregular perfect stem uvāc-

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by the king) (said, spoken, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared; a saying, speech

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ saṃjayaḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - that (Sanjaya) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Refers to Sanjaya.

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king (Dhritarashtra) (by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Agent of 'uktaḥ'.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sanjaya, who spoke (Sanjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (lit. 'complete victory')

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - these words, a statement (word, speech, sentence, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement, declaration

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (these words) (spoke, said, told)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of brū

imperfect tense form

Imperfect 3rd person singular of root brū

Root: brū (class 2)

प्रागायताः (prāgāyatāḥ) - extending eastward (referring to the mountains) (extending eastward, stretched towards the east)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāgāyata

prāgāyata - extending towards the east, long in the eastern direction

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāc+āyata)

• prāc – eastern, anterior
  adjective (feminine)
• āyata – extended, stretched, long
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yam with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'ratnaparvatāḥ'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (vocative) (great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Sanjaya addressing Dhritarashtra.

षट् (ṣaṭ) - these six (mountains) (six)

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'ratnaparvatāḥ'.

एते (ete) - these (mountains) (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the 'ratnaparvatāḥ'.

रत्नपर्वताः (ratnaparvatāḥ) - jewel-mountains (jewel mountains)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ratnaparvata

ratnaparvata - jewel mountain, mountain of gems

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ratna+parvata)

• ratna – jewel, gem, precious stone
  noun (neuter)
• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'are'.

अवगाढाः (avagāḍhāḥ) - immersed (in the oceans) (immersed, submerged, plunged into)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avagāḍha

avagāḍha - immersed, entered, plunged into, deep

Past Passive Participle

From root gāh (to dive) with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: gāh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'ratnaparvatāḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

उभयतः (ubhayataḥ) - on both sides (on both sides, from both sides)

(indeclinable)

समुद्रौ (samudrau) - the two oceans (eastern and western) (two oceans)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, dual of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

Note: The dual form indicates two oceans.

पूर्वपश्चिमौ (pūrvapaścimau) - the eastern and western (oceans) (eastern and western)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, dual of pūrvapaścima

pūrvapaścima - eastern and western; east and west

Compound type : dvandva (pūrva+paścima)

• pūrva – eastern, former, prior
  adjective
• paścima – western, last, hindmost
  adjective

Note: Qualifies 'samudrau'.