महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-126, verse-18

मातापितृभ्यां भीष्मेण द्रोणेन विदुरेण च ।
शाम्येति मुहुरुक्तोऽसि न च शाम्यसि पार्थिव ॥१८॥

18. mātāpitṛbhyāṁ bhīṣmeṇa droṇena vidureṇa ca ,
śāmyeti muhurukto'si na ca śāmyasi pārthiva.

18. mātāpitṛbhyām bhīṣmeṇa droṇena vidureṇa ca
śāmya iti muhuḥ uktaḥ asi na ca śāmyasi pārthiva

18. pārthiva,
mātāpitṛbhyām bhīṣmeṇa droṇena vidureṇa ca "śāmya!" iti muhuḥ uktaḥ asi,
na ca śāmyasi.

18. By your parents, by Bhīṣma, by Droṇa, and by Vidura, you have been repeatedly told 'Be calm!', yet you are not pacified, O King.

Words meanings summery:

• मातापितृभ्याम् (mātāpitṛbhyām) - by the parents, by the mother and father

• भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhīṣma

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

• विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• शाम्य (śāmya) - be calm, be pacified, cease

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, marking direct speech

• मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, often, again and again

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - (you) were told (said, spoken, told)

• असि (asi) - you are

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• च (ca) - but, yet (and, also, moreover)

• शाम्यसि (śāmyasi) - you are calm, you cease, you are pacified

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O ruler, O prince

Words meanings and morphology

मातापितृभ्याम् (mātāpitṛbhyām) - by the parents, by the mother and father

(noun)

Instrumental, dual of mātāpitṛ

mātāpitṛ - mother and father, parents

Compound type : dvandva (mātṛ+pitṛ)

• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)
• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru elder)

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a teacher of the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas)

विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (half-brother of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, known for wisdom)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Links the list of instrumental agents.

शाम्य (śāmya) - be calm, be pacified, cease

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śam

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: The direct speech that was spoken.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, marking direct speech

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of direct speech.

मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, often, again and again

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'uktaḥ'.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - (you) were told (said, spoken, told)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

past passive participle

formed from √vac with suffix -ta

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'you'.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary verb for 'uktaḥ'.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'śāmyasi'.

च (ca) - but, yet (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjoins the two clauses, implying contrast ('but').

शाम्यसि (śāmyasi) - you are calm, you cease, you are pacified

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śam

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: The main verb of the second clause.

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O ruler, O prince

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, prince

derived from pṛthivī (earth)

Note: Addressed to Duryodhana.