महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-30, verse-50

एतदात्मवतां वृत्तमेष धर्मः सनातनः ।
क्षमा चैवानृशंस्यं च तत्कर्तास्म्यहमञ्जसा ॥५०॥

50. etadātmavatāṁ vṛttameṣa dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ,
kṣamā caivānṛśaṁsyaṁ ca tatkartāsmyahamañjasā.

50. etat ātmavatām vṛttam eṣaḥ dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ kṣamā
ca eva anṛśaṃsyam ca tat kartā asmi aham añjasā

50. This is the conduct (vṛttam) of those who possess the self (ātman), this is the eternal natural law (dharma). And I am certainly the practitioner of forgiveness (kṣamā) and non-cruelty (anṛśaṃsyam) regarding that (i.e. these qualities).

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• आत्मवताम् (ātmavatām) - of self-possessed individuals (of those who possess the self)

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct, behavior

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, ancient

• क्षमा (kṣamā) - forgiveness, patience

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only

• अनृशंस्यम् (anṛśaṁsyam) - non-cruelty, benevolence

• च (ca) - and

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to forgiveness and non-cruelty) (that, therefore)

• कर्ता (kartā) - practitioner (doer, maker)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अञ्जसा (añjasā) - certainly, indeed (truly, rightly)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, that

Note: Subject of the clause.

आत्मवताम् (ātmavatām) - of self-possessed individuals (of those who possess the self)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ātmavat

ātmavat - self-possessed, having a self (ātman), intelligent, firm-minded

Derived from ātman + -vat (possessive suffix).

Note: Qualifies `vṛttam`.

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct, behavior

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, behavior, occurrence, event, that which has happened

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Derived from root vṛt (1A) 'to be, to exist, to turn'.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Predicate for `etat`.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Subject of the clause.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

Note: Predicate for `eṣaḥ`.

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, ancient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, ancient, everlasting, perpetual

Note: Modifies `dharmaḥ`.

क्षमा (kṣamā) - forgiveness, patience

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣamā

kṣamā - forgiveness, patience, endurance, earth

Note: Listed as a quality.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, only

(indeclinable)

अनृशंस्यम् (anṛśaṁsyam) - non-cruelty, benevolence

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anṛśaṃsya

anṛśaṁsya - non-cruelty, benevolence, kindness, compassion

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nṛśaṃsya)

• a – non-, un-
  indeclinable
• nṛśaṃsya – cruelty, wickedness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Listed as a quality.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to forgiveness and non-cruelty) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Acts as an object for `kartā`, taking the gender/number of the implied action/concept rather than the specific preceding nominatives.

कर्ता (kartā) - practitioner (doer, maker)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, agent, creator

Agent Noun

Derived from root kṛ (8U) 'to do, to make' + tṛ (agent suffix).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate noun for `aham`.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present

Root as (2P) 'to be', present tense, 1st person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of `asmi`.

अञ्जसा (añjasā) - certainly, indeed (truly, rightly)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental case of añjas, used adverbially.

Note: Adverb modifying `kartā asmi`.