महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-30, verse-47

एतैर्हि राजा नियतं चोद्यमानः शमं प्रति ।
राज्यं दातेति मे बुद्धिर्न चेल्लोभान्नशिष्यति ॥४७॥

47. etairhi rājā niyataṁ codyamānaḥ śamaṁ prati ,
rājyaṁ dāteti me buddhirna cellobhānnaśiṣyati.

47. etaiḥ hi rājā niyatam codyamānaḥ śamam prati
rājyam dātā iti me buddhiḥ na cet lobhāt naśiṣyati

47. Indeed, being constantly urged by these (arguments) towards peace, the king will surrender the kingdom—this is my conviction, unless he perishes due to greed.

Words meanings summery:

• एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these arguments or considerations (by these)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• राजा (rājā) - king

• नियतम् (niyatam) - constantly, certainly

• चोद्यमानः (codyamānaḥ) - being urged, being impelled

• शमम् (śamam) - peace, tranquility

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• दाता (dātā) - will surrender or give (the kingdom) (giver, will give)

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• मे (me) - my, to me

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - my conviction (intellect, understanding, conviction)

• न (na) - not

• चेत् (cet) - if

• लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed, due to greed

• नशिष्यति (naśiṣyati) - will perish, will be destroyed

Words meanings and morphology

एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these arguments or considerations (by these)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of etat

etat - this, that

Note: Refers to the reasons or arguments previously presented.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

नियतम् (niyatam) - constantly, certainly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage of the neuter past passive participle of ni-yam.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

चोद्यमानः (codyamānaḥ) - being urged, being impelled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of codyamāna

codyamāna - being urged, being impelled, being prompted, being directed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root cud (1P) 'to urge, impel' + ya (passive suffix) + māna (present participle suffix).

Root: cud (class 1)

Note: Modifies `rājā`.

शमम् (śamam) - peace, tranquility

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - peace, tranquility, cessation, calm, quiet

प्रति (prati) - towards, against

(indeclinable)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule, dominion

Note: Object of the implicit action of giving.

दाता (dātā) - will surrender or give (the kingdom) (giver, will give)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dātṛ

dātṛ - giver, donor, one who gives

Agent Noun

Derived from root dā (3P) 'to give' + tṛ (agent suffix). Often used with a future sense.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Acts as a predicate for `rājā`.

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a thought or statement.

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form of `mama` (my/of me).

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - my conviction (intellect, understanding, conviction)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, conviction, mind, reason

Note: Subject of the clause.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Conditional conjunction.

लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed, due to greed

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, avarice, covetousness, desire

Note: Indicates cause or reason.

नशिष्यति (naśiṣyati) - will perish, will be destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of naś

Future

Root naś (4P) 'to perish', future tense.

Root: naś (class 4)