महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-30, verse-5

वाच्यावाच्ये हि कुपितो न प्रजानाति कर्हिचित् ।
नाकार्यमस्ति क्रुद्धस्य नावाच्यं विद्यते तथा ॥५॥

5. vācyāvācye hi kupito na prajānāti karhicit ,
nākāryamasti kruddhasya nāvācyaṁ vidyate tathā.

5. vācyāvacaye hi kupitaḥ na prajānāti karhicit na
akāryam asti kruddhasya na avācyam vidyate tathā

5. Indeed, an enraged person never distinguishes between what should be said and what should not. For an angry individual, there is no forbidden act, nor is there any word that cannot be spoken.

Words meanings summery:

• वाच्यावचये (vācyāvacaye) - in what should and should not be said, between the sayable and unsayable

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly

• कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - an angry person, enraged

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रजानाति (prajānāti) - knows, understands, distinguishes

• कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - ever, at any time, never (when preceded by na)

• अकार्यम् (akāryam) - improper act, what should not be done

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• क्रुद्धस्य (kruddhasya) - of an angry person

• अवाच्यम् (avācyam) - unspeakable, improper to be said

• विद्यते (vidyate) - is found, exists

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, in that way, thus

Words meanings and morphology

वाच्यावचये (vācyāvacaye) - in what should and should not be said, between the sayable and unsayable

(noun)

Locative, neuter, dual of vācyāvacaya

vācyāvacaya - the distinction between what is proper to say and what is improper to say

Dvanda compound of vācya (sayable) and avācya (unsayable)

Compound type : itaretarayoga dvandva (vācya+avācya)

• vācya – sayable, proper to be said, to be spoken
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive (N.V.P.)
  from √vac + ya (kṛtya suffix)
  Root: vac (class 2)
• avācya – unsayable, improper to be said, not to be spoken
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive (N.V.P.) with negative prefix
  from a (negative prefix) + vācya
  Prefix: a
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Here 'vācyāvacaye' acts as an adverbial locative, meaning 'in the matter of what is speakable and unspeakable'.

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - an angry person, enraged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kupita

kupita - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

from √kup

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Used substantively as 'an angry person', subject of 'prajānāti'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्रजानाति (prajānāti) - knows, understands, distinguishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prajñā

present

present third person singular active

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - ever, at any time, never (when preceded by na)

(indeclinable)

अकार्यम् (akāryam) - improper act, what should not be done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akārya

akārya - improper to be done, not to be done, wrong deed, forbidden act

Gerundive (N.V.P.) with negative prefix

from a (negative prefix) + kārya (gerundive of √kṛ)

Prefix: a

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used substantively as a noun, subject of 'asti'.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present

present third person singular active

Root: as (class 2)

क्रुद्धस्य (kruddhasya) - of an angry person

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

from √krudh

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Possessive, 'of an angry one'.

अवाच्यम् (avācyam) - unspeakable, improper to be said

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avācya

avācya - unsayable, improper to be said, not to be spoken

Gerundive (N.V.P.) with negative prefix

from a (negative prefix) + vācya (gerundive of √vac)

Prefix: a

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used substantively as a noun, subject of 'vidyate'.

विद्यते (vidyate) - is found, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

present

present third person singular middle

Root: vid (class 4)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, in that way, thus

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction linking the two negative statements.