महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-30, verse-27

आक्रुष्टः पुरुषः सर्वः प्रत्याक्रोशेदनन्तरम् ।
प्रतिहन्याद्धतश्चैव तथा हिंस्याच्च हिंसितः ॥२७॥

27. ākruṣṭaḥ puruṣaḥ sarvaḥ pratyākrośedanantaram ,
pratihanyāddhataścaiva tathā hiṁsyācca hiṁsitaḥ.

27. ākrūṣṭaḥ puruṣaḥ sarvaḥ pratyākrośet anantaram
pratihanyāt hataḥ ca eva tathā hiṃsyāt ca hiṃsitaḥ

27. When a person is reviled, they would immediately revile in return. If struck, they would strike back. Similarly, if harmed, they would inflict harm in return.

27. כל אדם שמקללים אותו יקלל בחזרה מיד. מי שהוכה יכה בחזרה, ומי שנפגע יפגע.

Words meanings summery:

• आक्रूष्टः (ākrūṣṭaḥ) - reviled, insulted, abused

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, man, human being

• सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - every, all, whole

• प्रत्याक्रोशेत् (pratyākrośet) - should revile in return, would abuse back

• अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately, thereupon, afterwards

• प्रतिहन्यात् (pratihanyāt) - should strike back, would strike back, should counteract

• हतः (hataḥ) - struck, killed, destroyed

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same way, thus

• हिंस्यात् (hiṁsyāt) - should injure, would harm

• च (ca) - and, also

• हिंसितः (hiṁsitaḥ) - injured, harmed, violated

Words meanings and morphology

आक्रूष्टः (ākrūṣṭaḥ) - reviled, insulted, abused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākrūṣṭa

ākrūṣṭa - reviled, insulted, abused, reproached, called out

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √kruś (to cry out, shout) with upasarga ā (towards, fully).

Prefix: ā

Root: kruś (class 1)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, man, human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, human being, person, soul, spirit, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - every, all, whole

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

प्रत्याक्रोशेत् (pratyākrośet) - should revile in return, would abuse back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pratyā-kruś

Root √kruś (to cry out, shout) with upasargas prati (back, against) and ā (towards).

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: kruś (class 1)

अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately, thereupon, afterwards

(indeclinable)

Prefix: an

Root: antara

Note: Functions as an adverb.

प्रतिहन्यात् (pratihanyāt) - should strike back, would strike back, should counteract

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of prati-han

Root √han (to strike, kill) with upasarga prati (back, against).

Prefix: prati

Root: han (class 2)

हतः (hataḥ) - struck, killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - struck, killed, slain, destroyed, smitten, hurt

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same way, thus

(indeclinable)

हिंस्यात् (hiṁsyāt) - should injure, would harm

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of hiṃs

From the desiderative stem of √han (to kill), meaning 'to wish to kill' or 'to injure'.

Root: hiṃs (class 10)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

हिंसितः (hiṁsitaḥ) - injured, harmed, violated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hiṃsita

hiṁsita - injured, harmed, violated, damaged, hurt

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √hiṃs (to injure, harm).

Root: hiṃs (class 10)

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