महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-30, verse-21

क्रोधं त्यक्त्वा तु पुरुषः सम्यक्तेजोऽभिपद्यते ।
कालयुक्तं महाप्राज्ञे क्रुद्धैस्तेजः सुदुःसहम् ॥२१॥

21. krodhaṁ tyaktvā tu puruṣaḥ samyaktejo'bhipadyate ,
kālayuktaṁ mahāprājñe kruddhaistejaḥ suduḥsaham.

21. krodham tyaktvā tu puruṣaḥ samyak tejaḥ abhipadyate
kālayuktam mahāprājñe kruddhaiḥ tejaḥ sudussaham

21. Indeed, a person (puruṣa) who has abandoned anger properly attains power (tejas). However, O great wise one, the power (tejas) of angry individuals, even when timely, is very difficult to bear.

21. אדם שנטש כעס משיג תקיפות ראויה, כזו המתאימה לעת. הו חכמה, זועמים אינם מסוגלים לעמוד בתקיפות כזאת.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger (anger, wrath)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up, having left)

• तु (tu) - but, however (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person (puruṣa) (man, human being, person, the cosmic person (puruṣa))

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, truly (properly, completely, truly, rightly)

• तेजः (tejaḥ) - power (tejas) (splendor, brilliance, energy, power)

• अभिपद्यते (abhipadyate) - attains (attains, reaches, obtains)

• कालयुक्तम् (kālayuktam) - timely, appropriate (for the occasion) (timely, appropriate for the occasion)

• महाप्राज्ञे (mahāprājñe) - O great wise one (vocative) (O great wise one)

• क्रुद्धैः (kruddhaiḥ) - of angry individuals (by angry ones)

• तेजः (tejaḥ) - power (tejas) (splendor, brilliance, energy, power)

• सुदुस्सहम् (sudussaham) - very difficult to bear, unbearable

Words meanings and morphology

क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger (anger, wrath)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

From root krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Object of tyaktvā.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up, having left)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root tyaj (to abandon) + suffix -tvā.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, however (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person (puruṣa) (man, human being, person, the cosmic person (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, human being, person, spirit, the Supreme Being (puruṣa)

Note: Bracketed as per instructions.

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, truly (properly, completely, truly, rightly)

(indeclinable)

From sam-añc (to go together, be straight).

Root: añc (class 5)

तेजः (tejaḥ) - power (tejas) (splendor, brilliance, energy, power)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - sharpness, splendor, brilliance, energy, power, valor, spirit

From root tij (to be sharp).

Root: tij

Note: Bracketed as per instructions.

अभिपद्यते (abhipadyate) - attains (attains, reaches, obtains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of abhipad

From root pad (to go) with prefix abhi-.

Prefix: abhi

Root: pad (class 4)

कालयुक्तम् (kālayuktam) - timely, appropriate (for the occasion) (timely, appropriate for the occasion)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kālayukta

kālayukta - joined with time, timely, appropriate for the season/occasion

Compound of kāla (time) and yukta (joined, fit). yukta is PPP of yuj.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+yukta)

• kāla – time, season, proper time
  noun (masculine)
• yukta – joined, united, fitted, appropriate, proper
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yuj (to join, unite).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

महाप्राज्ञे (mahāprājñe) - O great wise one (vocative) (O great wise one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - very wise, very intelligent, great sage

Compound of mahā (great) and prājña (wise).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• prājña – wise, discerning, intelligent, sage
  adjective (masculine)
  From prajñā (wisdom).

क्रुद्धैः (kruddhaiḥ) - of angry individuals (by angry ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged; an angry person

Past Passive Participle

From root krudh (to be angry) + -ta suffix.

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the agent/possessor of the tejas which is unbearable.

तेजः (tejaḥ) - power (tejas) (splendor, brilliance, energy, power)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - sharpness, splendor, brilliance, energy, power, valor, spirit

From root tij (to be sharp).

Root: tij

Note: Subject of sudussaham.

सुदुस्सहम् (sudussaham) - very difficult to bear, unbearable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sudussaha

sudussaha - very difficult to bear, hard to endure, unbearable

Compound of su- (very), dus- (difficult), and saha (to bear). saha is from root sah.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (su+dus+saha)

• su – good, well, very, easily
  indeclinable
  Intensifying prefix.
• dus – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
  Negative/difficult prefix.
• saha – bearing, enduring, tolerating
  adjective (neuter)
  From root sah (to bear, endure).
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective.

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