महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-30, verse-13

तस्माद्बलवता चैव दुर्बलेन च नित्यदा ।
क्षन्तव्यं पुरुषेणाहुरापत्स्वपि विजानता ॥१३॥

13. tasmādbalavatā caiva durbalena ca nityadā ,
kṣantavyaṁ puruṣeṇāhurāpatsvapi vijānatā.

13. tasmāt balavatā ca eva durbalena ca nityadā |
kṣantavyaṃ puruṣeṇa āhuḥ āpatsu api vijānatā

13. Therefore, it is said that a person, whether strong or weak, and who is discerning, should always practice forgiveness (kṣantavyam), even in times of adversity.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• बलवता (balavatā) - by the strong, by the powerful

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• दुर्बलेन (durbalena) - by the weak, by the feeble

• च (ca) - and

• नित्यदा (nityadā) - always, constantly, perpetually

• क्षन्तव्यं (kṣantavyaṁ) - to be forgiven, pardonable, forgiveness should be practiced

• पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa) - by a person, by a man

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, it is said

• आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities, in adversities, in misfortunes

• अपि (api) - even, also

• विजानता (vijānatā) - by one who knows, by the discerning, by the wise

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'tad' used adverbially.

बलवता (balavatā) - by the strong, by the powerful

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, powerful, mighty

Possessive suffix -vat added to bala (strength).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

दुर्बलेन (durbalena) - by the weak, by the feeble

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of durbala

durbala - weak, feeble, powerless

Compound of dur (bad, difficult) and bala (strength).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+bala)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating badness or difficulty.
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

नित्यदा (nityadā) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Formed from nitya (eternal, constant) with suffix -dā (indicating time).

क्षन्तव्यं (kṣantavyaṁ) - to be forgiven, pardonable, forgiveness should be practiced

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣantavya

kṣantavya - to be forgiven, pardonable, fit to be endured

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from the root kṣam (to forgive, be patient, endure) with suffix -tavya.

Root: kṣam (class 1)

पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa) - by a person, by a man

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, man, male, conscious being, supreme cosmic person

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, it is said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Perfect tense

3rd plural perfect, often used with present sense.

Root: ah (class 2)

आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities, in adversities, in misfortunes

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of āpat

āpat - calamity, adversity, misfortune, distress

From root ā-pad (to fall into).

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

विजानता (vijānatā) - by one who knows, by the discerning, by the wise

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vijānat

vijānat - knowing, discerning, wise

Present Active Participle

Derived from the verb root jñā (to know) with the prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)