महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-30, verse-13

तस्माद्बलवता चैव दुर्बलेन च नित्यदा ।
क्षन्तव्यं पुरुषेणाहुरापत्स्वपि विजानता ॥१३॥

13. tasmādbalavatā caiva durbalena ca nityadā ,
kṣantavyaṁ puruṣeṇāhurāpatsvapi vijānatā.

13. tasmāt balavatā ca eva durbalena ca nityadā |
kṣantavyaṃ puruṣeṇa āhuḥ āpatsu api vijānatā

13. Therefore, it is said that a person, whether strong or weak, and who is discerning, should always practice forgiveness (kṣantavyam), even in times of adversity.

13. לכן אמרו שעל אדם נבון, חזק וחלש כאחד, לסלוח תמיד, אפילו בעתות צרה.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• बलवता (balavatā) - by the strong, by the powerful

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• दुर्बलेन (durbalena) - by the weak, by the feeble

• च (ca) - and

• नित्यदा (nityadā) - always, constantly, perpetually

• क्षन्तव्यं (kṣantavyaṁ) - to be forgiven, pardonable, forgiveness should be practiced

• पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa) - by a person, by a man

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, it is said

• आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities, in adversities, in misfortunes

• अपि (api) - even, also

• विजानता (vijānatā) - by one who knows, by the discerning, by the wise

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'tad' used adverbially.

बलवता (balavatā) - by the strong, by the powerful

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, powerful, mighty

Possessive suffix -vat added to bala (strength).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

दुर्बलेन (durbalena) - by the weak, by the feeble

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of durbala

durbala - weak, feeble, powerless

Compound of dur (bad, difficult) and bala (strength).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+bala)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating badness or difficulty.
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

नित्यदा (nityadā) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Formed from nitya (eternal, constant) with suffix -dā (indicating time).

क्षन्तव्यं (kṣantavyaṁ) - to be forgiven, pardonable, forgiveness should be practiced

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣantavya

kṣantavya - to be forgiven, pardonable, fit to be endured

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from the root kṣam (to forgive, be patient, endure) with suffix -tavya.

Root: kṣam (class 1)

पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa) - by a person, by a man

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, man, male, conscious being, supreme cosmic person

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, it is said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Perfect tense

3rd plural perfect, often used with present sense.

Root: ah (class 2)

आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities, in adversities, in misfortunes

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of āpat

āpat - calamity, adversity, misfortune, distress

From root ā-pad (to fall into).

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

विजानता (vijānatā) - by one who knows, by the discerning, by the wise

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vijānat

vijānat - knowing, discerning, wise

Present Active Participle

Derived from the verb root jñā (to know) with the prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Previous Verse Next Verse