महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-261, verse-44

हतेषु तेषु रक्षःसु ततः शूर्पणखा पुनः ।
ययौ निकृत्तनासोष्ठी लङ्कां भ्रातुर्निवेशनम् ॥४४॥

44. hateṣu teṣu rakṣaḥsu tataḥ śūrpaṇakhā punaḥ ,
yayau nikṛttanāsoṣṭhī laṅkāṁ bhrāturniveśanam.

44. hateṣu teṣu rakṣaḥsu tataḥ śūrpaṇakhā punaḥ
yayau nikṛttanāsoṣṭhī laṅkām bhrātuḥ niveśanam

44. When those rākṣasas (demons) had been killed, then Śūrpaṇakhā, whose nose and lips had been cut off, went again to Laṅkā, the abode of her brother.

Words meanings summery:

• हतेषु (hateṣu) - when killed (killed, slain, destroyed)

• तेषु (teṣu) - those, in those

• रक्षःसु (rakṣaḥsu) - (when) the rākṣasas were (among the rākṣasas (demons))

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (then, thereafter, from there)

• शूर्पणखा (śūrpaṇakhā) - Śūrpaṇakhā

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

• ययौ (yayau) - she went

• निकृत्तनासोष्ठी (nikṛttanāsoṣṭhī) - (Śūrpaṇakhā) with her nose and lips severed (whose nose and lips were cut off)

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - to Laṅkā

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of her brother (Rāvaṇa) (of the brother, brother's)

• निवेशनम् (niveśanam) - abode, dwelling, home

Words meanings and morphology

हतेषु (hateṣu) - when killed (killed, slain, destroyed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed, slain

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to kill) with suffix -ta.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'rakṣaḥsu'.

तेषु (teṣu) - those, in those

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

रक्षःसु (rakṣaḥsu) - (when) the rākṣasas were (among the rākṣasas (demons))

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - rākṣasa, demon, evil being, monster

ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (then, thereafter, from there)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal connector.

शूर्पणखा (śūrpaṇakhā) - Śūrpaṇakhā

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śūrpaṇakhā

śūrpaṇakhā - Śūrpaṇakhā (Rāvaṇa's sister)

Note: Subject of 'yayau'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes a repeated action or return.

ययौ (yayau) - she went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yā

Root 'yā' in Perfect tense (lit), 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada.

Root: yā (class 2)

निकृत्तनासोष्ठी (nikṛttanāsoṣṭhī) - (Śūrpaṇakhā) with her nose and lips severed (whose nose and lips were cut off)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nikṛttanāsoṣṭha

nikṛttanāsoṣṭha - having nose and lips cut off

A Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'she whose nose and lips are cut off'. 'Nikṛtta' is PPP of 'ni' + 'kṛt' (to cut). 'Nāsa' (nose) + 'oṣṭha' (lip).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nikṛtta+nāsa+oṣṭha)

• nikṛtta – cut off, severed, mutilated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from prefix 'ni' + root 'kṛt' (to cut) + suffix -ta.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: kṛt (class 6)
• nāsa – nose
  noun (feminine)
• oṣṭha – lip
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'śūrpaṇakhā'.

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - to Laṅkā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Laṅkā (name of an island city, Rāvaṇa's capital)

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of her brother (Rāvaṇa) (of the brother, brother's)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Qualifies 'niveśanam'.

निवेशनम् (niveśanam) - abode, dwelling, home

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niveśana

niveśana - abode, dwelling, home, entrance, settlement

Derived from 'ni' (prefix) + root 'viś' (to enter) + suffix -ana.

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

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