महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-261, verse-22

राजोवाच ।
वरं ददानि ते हन्त तद्गृहाण यदिच्छसि ।
अवध्यो वध्यतां कोऽद्य वध्यः कोऽद्य विमुच्यताम् ॥२२॥

22. rājovāca ,
varaṁ dadāni te hanta tadgṛhāṇa yadicchasi ,
avadhyo vadhyatāṁ ko'dya vadhyaḥ ko'dya vimucyatām.

22. rājan uvāca varam dadāni te hanta tat gṛhāṇa yat icchasi
avadhyaḥ vadhyatām kaḥ adya vadhyaḥ kaḥ adya vimucyatām

22. The King said, 'Indeed, I grant you a boon; accept whatever you wish. Who among those not to be killed should now be killed? Or, who among those to be killed should now be released?'

Words meanings summery:

• राजन् (rājan) - the king

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• वरम् (varam) - a boon, a favor, a choice

• ददानि (dadāni) - I give, I grant

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• हन्त (hanta) - indeed, oh, alas

• तत् (tat) - that boon (that)

• गृहाण (gṛhāṇa) - accept, take

• यत् (yat) - what, which

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you desire, you wish

• अवध्यः (avadhyaḥ) - one not to be killed, inviolable

• वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - let him be killed

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - one to be killed, executable

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• विमुच्यताम् (vimucyatām) - let him be released, let him be set free

Words meanings and morphology

राजन् (rājan) - the king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

वरम् (varam) - a boon, a favor, a choice

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, best, excellent

ददानि (dadāni) - I give, I grant

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

हन्त (hanta) - indeed, oh, alas

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that boon (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गृहाण (gṛhāṇa) - accept, take

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of grah

Root: grah (class 9)

यत् (yat) - what, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, that

Note: Refers to the object of desire.

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you desire, you wish

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

अवध्यः (avadhyaḥ) - one not to be killed, inviolable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avadhya

avadhya - not to be killed, inviolable, unassailable

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vadh' (to strike, kill) with suffix -ya (forming a gerundive) and negative prefix 'a-'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+vadhya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vadhya – to be killed, executable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'vadh' with suffix -ya.
  Root: vadh (class 1)

वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - let him be killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of vadh

Root: vadh (class 1)

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - one to be killed, executable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhya

vadhya - to be killed, executable, fit for slaughter

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vadh' (to strike, kill) with suffix -ya.

Root: vadh (class 1)

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

विमुच्यताम् (vimucyatām) - let him be released, let him be set free

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of vimuc

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)