महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-261, verse-4

क्रमेण चास्य ते पुत्रा व्यवर्धन्त महौजसः ।
वेदेषु सरहस्येषु धनुर्वेदे च पारगाः ॥४॥

4. krameṇa cāsya te putrā vyavardhanta mahaujasaḥ ,
vedeṣu sarahasyeṣu dhanurvede ca pāragāḥ.

4. krameṇa ca asya te putrāḥ vyavardhanta mahaujasaḥ
vedeṣu sarahasyeṣu dhanurvede ca pāragāḥ

4. And in due course, his sons grew up, endowed with great energy. They became expert in the Vedas, including their secret teachings, and also in the science of archery (Dhanurveda).

Words meanings summery:

• क्रमेण (krameṇa) - in due course, gradually, in sequence

• च (ca) - and

• अस्य (asya) - of King Dasharatha (his, of him)

• ते (te) - those (sons) (those)

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• व्यवर्धन्त (vyavardhanta) - grew up, increased

• महौजसः (mahaujasaḥ) - of great energy/vigor, very mighty

• वेदेषु (vedeṣu) - in the Vedas

• सरहस्येषु (sarahasyeṣu) - including the Upanishads or esoteric teachings (including their secrets, with their mysteries)

• धनुर्वेदे (dhanurvede) - in the science of archery

• च (ca) - and

• पारगाः (pāragāḥ) - expert, having crossed over, accomplished

Words meanings and morphology

क्रमेण (krameṇa) - in due course, gradually, in sequence

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of krama

krama - step, sequence, order, due course

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of King Dasharatha (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, him

ते (te) - those (sons) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

व्यवर्धन्त (vyavardhanta) - grew up, increased

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛdh

Imperfect tense form with prefixes 'vi' and 'ava'

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

महौजसः (mahaujasaḥ) - of great energy/vigor, very mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāujas

mahāujas - great energy, great vigor, mighty

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+ojas)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ojas – vigor, energy, strength
  noun (neuter)

वेदेषु (vedeṣu) - in the Vedas

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - Veda (sacred Hindu texts), knowledge

Root: vid (class 2)

सरहस्येषु (sarahasyeṣu) - including the Upanishads or esoteric teachings (including their secrets, with their mysteries)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarahasya

sarahasya - with secrets, including mysteries

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+rahasya)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• rahasya – secret, mystery, esoteric teaching
  noun (neuter)

धनुर्वेदे (dhanurvede) - in the science of archery

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dhanurveda

dhanurveda - Dhanurveda (the science or Veda of archery/weapons)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhanus+veda)

• dhanus – bow, archery
  noun (neuter)
• veda – knowledge, science
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पारगाः (pāragāḥ) - expert, having crossed over, accomplished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāraga

pāraga - having gone to the other shore, accomplished, expert, skilled

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāra+ga)

• pāra – the opposite bank, the other side, limit, end
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving, residing in
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)