महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-180, verse-46

नारदस्त्वथ देवर्षिर्ज्ञात्वा तांस्तु कृतक्षणान् ।
मार्कण्डेयस्य वदतस्तां कथामन्वमोदत ॥४६॥

46. nāradastvatha devarṣirjñātvā tāṁstu kṛtakṣaṇān ,
mārkaṇḍeyasya vadatastāṁ kathāmanvamodata.

46. Nāradaḥ tu atha devarṣiḥ jñātvā tān tu kṛtakṣaṇān
Mārkaṇḍeyasya vadataḥ tām kathām anvamodata

46. Then, the divine sage (devarṣi) Nārada, perceiving them to be attentive, approved of Mārkaṇḍeya narrating that story.

Words meanings summery:

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - The divine sage Nārada, who is the subject of the main verb 'anvamodata'. (Nārada)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, and

• अथ (atha) - then, next

• देवर्षिः (devarṣiḥ) - Refers to Nārada, who is a category of sage known as a devarṣi. (divine sage)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - Nārada having understood the Pāṇḍavas' state of readiness. (having known, having understood, having perceived)

• तान् (tān) - Refers to the Pāṇḍavas and other assembled listeners. (them)

• तु (tu) - indeed, but

• कृतक्षणान् (kṛtakṣaṇān) - Describes the Pāṇḍavas as being ready and attentive to listen to the story. (having found/made leisure, ready, attentive)

• मार्कण्डेयस्य (mārkaṇḍeyasya) - Possessive, indicating that Mārkaṇḍeya is the one narrating. (of Mārkaṇḍeya)

• वदतः (vadataḥ) - Describes Mārkaṇḍeya while he is in the act of telling the story. (speaking, narrating)

• ताम् (tām) - Refers to 'kathām' (the story). (that)

• कथाम् (kathām) - The story Mārkaṇḍeya is about to narrate or is narrating. (story, narrative)

• अन्वमोदत (anvamodata) - Nārada's approval for Mārkaṇḍeya to tell the story. (approved, consented, agreed)

Words meanings and morphology

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - The divine sage Nārada, who is the subject of the main verb 'anvamodata'. (Nārada)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Nārada

Nārada - Name of a divine sage, son of Brahmā.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, and

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, next

(indeclinable)

देवर्षिः (devarṣiḥ) - Refers to Nārada, who is a category of sage known as a devarṣi. (divine sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devarṣi

devarṣi - a divine sage, a sage of divine origin or status

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - Nārada having understood the Pāṇḍavas' state of readiness. (having known, having understood, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From √jñā (to know) + tvā suffix. Denotes a completed action preceding the main verb.

Root: √jñā (class 9)

तान् (tān) - Refers to the Pāṇḍavas and other assembled listeners. (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'jñātvā' and modified by 'kṛtakṣaṇān'.

तु (tu) - indeed, but

(indeclinable)

कृतक्षणान् (kṛtakṣaṇān) - Describes the Pāṇḍavas as being ready and attentive to listen to the story. (having found/made leisure, ready, attentive)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṛtakṣaṇa

kṛtakṣaṇa - one who has found leisure, having time, attentive, ready, having an opportune moment

मार्कण्डेयस्य (mārkaṇḍeyasya) - Possessive, indicating that Mārkaṇḍeya is the one narrating. (of Mārkaṇḍeya)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of Mārkaṇḍeya

Mārkaṇḍeya - Name of a famous ancient sage, a son of Mṛkaṇḍu.

Patronymic from Mṛkaṇḍu.

वदतः (vadataḥ) - Describes Mārkaṇḍeya while he is in the act of telling the story. (speaking, narrating)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, telling, saying

Present Active Participle

From √vad (to speak) + śatṛ suffix. Used here in genitive singular, agreeing with 'Mārkaṇḍeyasya'.

Root: √vad (class 1)

ताम् (tām) - Refers to 'kathām' (the story). (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

कथाम् (kathām) - The story Mārkaṇḍeya is about to narrate or is narrating. (story, narrative)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, fable

Root: √kath (class 10)

अन्वमोदत (anvamodata) - Nārada's approval for Mārkaṇḍeya to tell the story. (approved, consented, agreed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of anvamod

Imperfect tense (Laṅ)

From anu + ava + √mud (to rejoice, be pleased). Third person singular imperfect tense, middle voice. The 'a' prefix indicates imperfect.

Prefixes: anu+ava

Root: √mud (class 1)