महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-180, verse-17

अधीतमग्रे चरता व्रतानि सम्यग्धनुर्वेदमवाप्य कृत्स्नम् ।
क्षात्रेण धर्मेण वसूनि लब्ध्वा सर्वे ह्यवाप्ताः क्रतवः पुराणाः ॥१७॥

17. adhītamagre caratā vratāni; samyagdhanurvedamavāpya kṛtsnam ,
kṣātreṇa dharmeṇa vasūni labdhvā; sarve hyavāptāḥ kratavaḥ purāṇāḥ.

17. adhītam agre caratā vratāni samyak
dhanurvedam avāpya kṛtsnam
kṣātreṇa dharmeṇa vasūni labdhvā
sarve hi avāptāḥ kratavaḥ purāṇāḥ

17. By first observing the prescribed vows and perfectly mastering the entire Dhanurveda (the science of archery), and by acquiring wealth through the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a warrior (kṣātra), you have indeed accomplished all the ancient sacrifices.

Words meanings summery:

• अधीतम् (adhītam) - studied, learned

• अग्रे (agre) - first, previously, in front

• चरता (caratā) - by Yudhiṣṭhira (who is performing vows) (by practicing, by performing, by moving)

• व्रतानि (vratāni) - vows, observances, religious practices

• सम्यक् (samyak) - perfectly, completely, correctly

• धनुर्वेदम् (dhanurvedam) - the science of archery

• अवाप्य (avāpya) - having obtained, having mastered, having reached

• कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - the entire Dhanurveda (entire, complete, whole)

• क्षात्रेण (kṣātreṇa) - through the dharma of a warrior (by the kṣatriya, by the warrior's)

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a warrior (by natural law, by intrinsic nature, by duty)

• वसूनि (vasūni) - riches, wealth

• लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained, having gained

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• अवाप्ताः (avāptāḥ) - obtained, achieved, accomplished

• क्रतवः (kratavaḥ) - sacrifices, rituals

• पुराणाः (purāṇāḥ) - ancient, old

Words meanings and morphology

अधीतम् (adhītam) - studied, learned

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adhīta

adhīta - studied, learned, read

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'adhi'.

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

अग्रे (agre) - first, previously, in front

(indeclinable)

Locative singular of 'agra' used adverbially.

चरता (caratā) - by Yudhiṣṭhira (who is performing vows) (by practicing, by performing, by moving)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of carat

carat - practicing, performing, moving

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'car' (to move, to act, to practice).

Root: car (class 1)

व्रतानि (vratāni) - vows, observances, religious practices

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vrata

vrata - vow, sacred observance, religious practice, rule

सम्यक् (samyak) - perfectly, completely, correctly

(indeclinable)

धनुर्वेदम् (dhanurvedam) - the science of archery

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanurveda

dhanurveda - the science or knowledge of archery

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhanus+veda)

• dhanus – bow, archery
  noun (neuter)
• veda – knowledge, sacred knowledge, science
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vid' (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

अवाप्य (avāpya) - having obtained, having mastered, having reached

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - the entire Dhanurveda (entire, complete, whole)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - entire, complete, whole, all

क्षात्रेण (kṣātreṇa) - through the dharma of a warrior (by the kṣatriya, by the warrior's)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣātra

kṣātra - relating to a kṣatriya, warlike, valorous, warrior-like

Derived from 'kṣatra' (rule, dominion, warrior class).

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a warrior (by natural law, by intrinsic nature, by duty)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature, virtue

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

वसूनि (vasūni) - riches, wealth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vasu

vasu - wealth, riches, treasure, property; good, excellent

लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained, having gained

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root 'labh' (to obtain, gain).

Root: labh (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

अवाप्ताः (avāptāḥ) - obtained, achieved, accomplished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avāpta

avāpta - obtained, reached, achieved, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

क्रतवः (kratavaḥ) - sacrifices, rituals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kratu

kratu - sacrifice, ritual, deed, power, intelligence

पुराणाः (purāṇāḥ) - ancient, old

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old, former; an ancient legend, Purāṇa (sacred text)