महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-180, verse-38

यथाप्रतिज्ञं विहृतश्च कालः सर्वाः समा द्वादश निर्जनेषु ।
अज्ञातचर्यां विधिवत्समाप्य भवद्गताः केशव पाण्डवेयाः ॥३८॥

38. yathāpratijñaṁ vihṛtaśca kālaḥ; sarvāḥ samā dvādaśa nirjaneṣu ,
ajñātacaryāṁ vidhivatsamāpya; bhavadgatāḥ keśava pāṇḍaveyāḥ.

38. yathā-pratijñam vihṛtaḥ ca kālaḥ
sarvāḥ samāḥ dvādaśa nirjaneṣu
ajñāta-caryām vidhivat samāpya
bhavat-gatāḥ keśava pāṇḍaveyāḥ

38. "According to their vow (pratijñā), the Pāṇḍavas have spent the entire twelve years (samāḥ) in desolate places (nirjaneṣu). Having duly completed their period of incognito (ajñātacaryā), the sons of Pāṇḍu (Pāṇḍaveyāḥ) have now come to you (bhavat-gatāḥ), Keśava."

Words meanings summery:

• यथा-प्रतिज्ञम् (yathā-pratijñam) - according to the vow, as promised

• विहृतः (vihṛtaḥ) - spent, passed (of time), roamed

• च (ca) - and, also

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time, period

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every, entire

• समाः (samāḥ) - years, annual

• द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

• निर्जनेषु (nirjaneṣu) - in desolate places, in solitary places

• अज्ञात-चर्याम् (ajñāta-caryām) - period of incognito, unknown dwelling

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - duly (properly, according to rule/ordinance)

• समाप्य (samāpya) - having completed, having finished

• भवत्-गताः (bhavat-gatāḥ) - gone to you, come to you

• केशव (keśava) - Lord Krishna (Keśava (an epithet of Krishna))

• पाण्डवेयाः (pāṇḍaveyāḥ) - sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Words meanings and morphology

यथा-प्रतिज्ञम् (yathā-pratijñam) - according to the vow, as promised

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound: yathā (as, according to) + pratijñā (vow)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+pratijñā)

• yathā – as, according to, just as
  indeclinable
• pratijñā – vow, promise, agreement
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'jñā' with prefix 'prati'
  Prefix: prati
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Used adverbially.

विहृतः (vihṛtaḥ) - spent, passed (of time), roamed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihṛta

vihṛta - spent, passed (of time), roamed, sported

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root 'hṛ' (to take, to carry) with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kālaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कालः (kālaḥ) - time, period

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period, fate

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Agrees with 'samāḥ'.

समाः (samāḥ) - years, annual

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of samā

samā - year

द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

(numeral)

Note: Used as an adjective agreeing with 'samāḥ'.

निर्जनेषु (nirjaneṣu) - in desolate places, in solitary places

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of nirjana

nirjana - devoid of people, desolate, solitary

Bahuvrīhi compound: nir (without) + jana (people)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+jana)

• nir – without, out of, away from
  indeclinable
• jana – person, people, human being
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used substantively for 'places'.

अज्ञात-चर्याम् (ajñāta-caryām) - period of incognito, unknown dwelling

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ajñātacaryā

ajñātacaryā - incognito existence, unknown conduct/dwelling

Tatpuruṣa compound: ajñāta (unknown) + caryā (conduct/dwelling)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ajñāta+caryā)

• ajñāta – unknown, not known
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of 'jñāta' (known), formed from root 'jñā'
  Prefix: a
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• caryā – conduct, activity, practice, dwelling
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'car' (to move, to go, to behave)
  Root: car (class 1)

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - duly (properly, according to rule/ordinance)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -vat indicating 'like, according to'

समाप्य (samāpya) - having completed, having finished

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root 'āp' (to obtain, to reach) with prefix 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: āp (class 5)

भवत्-गताः (bhavat-gatāḥ) - gone to you, come to you

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhavadgata

bhavadgata - gone to you, come to you

Tatpuruṣa compound: bhavat (you) + gata (gone)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhavat+gata)

• bhavat – you (honorific), your honor
  pronoun
• gata – gone, arrived, reached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from the root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'Pāṇḍaveyāḥ'.

केशव (keśava) - Lord Krishna (Keśava (an epithet of Krishna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (name of Vishnu/Krishna), having beautiful hair, slayer of the demon Keśī

पाण्डवेयाः (pāṇḍaveyāḥ) - sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍaveya

pāṇḍaveya - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu (the Pāṇḍavas)