महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-99, verse-38

यदा तूभयतो व्यूहो भवत्याकाशमग्रतः ।
सास्य वेदी तथा यज्ञे नित्यं वेदास्त्रयोऽग्नयः ॥३८॥

38. yadā tūbhayato vyūho bhavatyākāśamagrataḥ ,
sāsya vedī tathā yajñe nityaṁ vedāstrayo'gnayaḥ.

38. yadā tu ubhayataḥ vyūhaḥ bhavati ākāśam agrataḥ sā
asya vedī tathā yajñe nityam vedāḥ trayaḥ agnayaḥ

38. yadā tu ubhayataḥ vyūhaḥ ākāśam agrataḥ bhavati sā
asya vedī tathā yajñe nityam vedāḥ trayaḥ agnayaḥ

38. When the battle array (vyūha) on both sides extends with the sky as its front, that (battlefield) becomes his altar (vedī); and similarly, in a (sacrificial) ritual (yajña), the Vedas are perpetually considered the three fires.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

• तु (tu) - however, but (but, however, on the other hand, indeed)

• उभयतः (ubhayataḥ) - on both sides (on both sides, from both sides)

• व्यूहः (vyūhaḥ) - battle array, formation (battle array, military formation, arrangement)

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, extends (becomes, is, exists, happens)

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - sky (as a vast, open boundary) (sky, space, ether)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - at the front, in front (in front, at the head, before)

• सा (sā) - that (referring to an implied feminine noun like bhūmi or the 'battlefield') (she, that (feminine))

• अस्य (asya) - his (the warrior's) (of him, of this, his, its)

• वेदी (vedī) - altar (sacrificial ground) (altar, sacrificial ground)

• तथा (tathā) - and similarly (thus, so, in that manner, similarly, and)

• यज्ञे (yajñe) - in a sacrificial ritual (yajña) (in the sacrifice, in the ritual)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - perpetually, always (perpetually, eternally, always, constantly)

• वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas (holy texts) (the Vedas (sacred texts))

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• अग्नयः (agnayaḥ) - fires (specifically the three sacrificial fires: Gārhapatya, Āhavanīya, Dakṣiṇāgni) (fires)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

From yad (relative pronoun) + dā suffix.

तु (tu) - however, but (but, however, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

उभयतः (ubhayataḥ) - on both sides (on both sides, from both sides)

(indeclinable)

From ubhaya (both) + tasi suffix.

व्यूहः (vyūhaḥ) - battle array, formation (battle array, military formation, arrangement)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyūha

vyūha - battle array, military formation, arrangement, disposition, collection

From vi- + ūh (to arrange, dispose).

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Subject of bhavati.

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, extends (becomes, is, exists, happens)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present active indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - sky (as a vast, open boundary) (sky, space, ether)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether, atmosphere

From ā- + √kāś (to appear, shine).

Prefix: ā

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate nominative.

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - at the front, in front (in front, at the head, before)

(indeclinable)

From agra (front) + tasi suffix.

Note: Qualifies bhavati ākāśam.

सा (sā) - that (referring to an implied feminine noun like bhūmi or the 'battlefield') (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Feminine nominative singular of tad.

अस्य (asya) - his (the warrior's) (of him, of this, his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Genitive singular masculine/neuter of idam.

वेदी (vedī) - altar (sacrificial ground) (altar, sacrificial ground)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vedī

vedī - altar, sacrificial ground, a raised piece of ground

From √vid 'to know' or √vyādh 'to strike, pierce' (meaning a place dug out).

तथा (tathā) - and similarly (thus, so, in that manner, similarly, and)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + thā suffix.

यज्ञे (yajñe) - in a sacrificial ritual (yajña) (in the sacrifice, in the ritual)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - sacrifice, ritual, worship, offering

From √yaj 'to sacrifice'.

Root: yaj (class 1)

नित्यम् (nityam) - perpetually, always (perpetually, eternally, always, constantly)

(indeclinable)

When used as an adverb (ending in -am) it becomes indeclinable.

वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas (holy texts) (the Vedas (sacred texts))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - knowledge, sacred knowledge, especially the collection of Vedic hymns (Ṛgveda, Yajurveda, Sāmaveda, Atharvaveda)

From √vid 'to know'.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject.

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tri

tri - three

Masculine nominative plural of tri.

अग्नयः (agnayaḥ) - fires (specifically the three sacrificial fires: Gārhapatya, Āhavanīya, Dakṣiṇāgni) (fires)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of agni

agni - fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire

Nominative plural of agni.

Note: Predicate nominative for vedāḥ.