महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-99, verse-25

इडोपहूतं क्रोशन्ति कुञ्जरा अङ्कुशेरिताः ।
व्याघुष्टतलनादेन वषट्कारेण पार्थिव ।
उद्गाता तत्र संग्रामे त्रिसामा दुन्दुभिः स्मृतः ॥२५॥

25. iḍopahūtaṁ krośanti kuñjarā aṅkuśeritāḥ ,
vyāghuṣṭatalanādena vaṣaṭkāreṇa pārthiva ,
udgātā tatra saṁgrāme trisāmā dundubhiḥ smṛtaḥ.

25. iḍā upahūtam krośanti kuñjarāḥ
aṅkuśa īritāḥ vyāghuṣṭatalanādena
vaṣaṭkāreṇa pārthiva udgātā tatra
saṃgrāme trisāmā dundubhiḥ smṛtaḥ

25. pārthiva kuñjarāḥ aṅkuśa īritāḥ
iḍā upahūtam krośanti vyāghuṣṭatalanādena
vaṣaṭkāreṇa tatra saṃgrāme
dundubhiḥ udgātā trisāmā smṛtaḥ

25. O king, the elephants, driven by goads, roar as if summoned by offerings. With the resounding sound of palms and the ritual exclamation, the war drum in that battle is considered the Udgātṛ priest, who chants three Sāmans.

Words meanings summery:

• इडा (iḍā) - offering (offering, food, libation, earth, speech)

• उपहूतम् (upahūtam) - summoned (invited, called, summoned, invoked)

• क्रोशन्ति (krośanti) - they roar (they cry out, they roar, they shout)

• कुञ्जराः (kuñjarāḥ) - elephants

• अङ्कुश (aṅkuśa) - goad (goad, elephant hook)

• ईरिताः (īritāḥ) - driven (moved, driven, impelled, sent)

• व्याघुष्टतलनादेन (vyāghuṣṭatalanādena) - by the resounding sound of palms

• वषट्कारेण (vaṣaṭkāreṇa) - by the ritual exclamation (by the ritual exclamation 'Vaṣaṭ', by the act of uttering 'Vaṣaṭ')

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king (O king, O earthly ruler, O son of Pṛthā)

• उद्गाता (udgātā) - the Udgātṛ priest (the Udgātṛ priest, one who chants Sāmans)

• तत्र (tatra) - in that (there, in that place)

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in that battle (in battle, in conflict)

• त्रिसामा (trisāmā) - who chants three Sāmans (one who chants three Sāmans, possessing three Sāmans)

• दुन्दुभिः (dundubhiḥ) - war drum (war drum, drum)

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is considered (remembered, considered, held (to be), taught)

Words meanings and morphology

इडा (iḍā) - offering (offering, food, libation, earth, speech)

(noun)

feminine, singular of iḍā

iḍā - offering, food, libation, earth, speech, stream

Root: iḍ (class 2)

Note: Noun stem, forming part of a compound-like phrase with 'upahūtam'.

उपहूतम् (upahūtam) - summoned (invited, called, summoned, invoked)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upahūta

upahūta - invited, called, summoned, invoked

Past Passive Participle

Formed from √hve (to call) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: hve (class 1)

Note: Adverbial accusative, often indicating manner or state.

क्रोशन्ति (krośanti) - they roar (they cry out, they roar, they shout)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √kruś

Present active indicative

3rd plural present active.

Root: kruś (class 1)

कुञ्जराः (kuñjarāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant

Note: Subject of 'krośanti'.

अङ्कुश (aṅkuśa) - goad (goad, elephant hook)

(noun)

of aṅkuśa

aṅkuśa - goad, elephant hook

Root: aṅk

ईरिताः (īritāḥ) - driven (moved, driven, impelled, sent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of īrita

īrita - moved, driven, impelled, sent

Past Passive Participle

Formed from √īr (to move, impel).

Root: īr (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'kuñjarāḥ'.

व्याघुष्टतलनादेन (vyāghuṣṭatalanādena) - by the resounding sound of palms

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vyāghuṣṭatalanāda

vyāghuṣṭatalanāda - resounding sound of palms, noise of resounding ground striking

Compound: vyāghuṣṭa (resounding) + tala (palm) + nāda (sound).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vyāghuṣṭa+talanāda)

• vyāghuṣṭa – proclaimed, roared, sounded, reverberated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √ghuṣ (to sound, proclaim) with prefixes vi and ā.
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)
• talanāda – sound of palms (clapping/slapping), noise of striking the ground
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: tala (palm) + nāda (sound).

वषट्कारेण (vaṣaṭkāreṇa) - by the ritual exclamation (by the ritual exclamation 'Vaṣaṭ', by the act of uttering 'Vaṣaṭ')

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vaṣaṭkāra

vaṣaṭkāra - the ritual exclamation 'Vaṣaṭ', the act of uttering 'Vaṣaṭ'

Compound of vaṣaṭ (indeclinable exclamation) and kāra (making/doing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vaṣaṭ+kāra)

• vaṣaṭ – exclamation used at sacrifices
  indeclinable
• kāra – making, doing, act, sound
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king (O king, O earthly ruler, O son of Pṛthā)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, king, ruler, son of Pṛthā (metaphorical)

Derived from pṛthivī (earth).

उद्गाता (udgātā) - the Udgātṛ priest (the Udgātṛ priest, one who chants Sāmans)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udgātṛ

udgātṛ - the Udgātṛ priest (who chants Sāman), chanter

agent noun

From ud-gā (to sing up).

Prefix: ud

Root: gā (class 3)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'dundubhiḥ'.

तत्र (tatra) - in that (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that).

Note: Qualifies 'saṃgrāme'.

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in that battle (in battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict

From sam-grāh (to grasp together, encounter).

Prefix: sam

Root: grāh (class 9)

त्रिसामा (trisāmā) - who chants three Sāmans (one who chants three Sāmans, possessing three Sāmans)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trisāman

trisāman - one who chants three Sāmans, possessing three Sāmans

Compound: tri (three) + sāman (Sāman chant).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+sāman)

• tri – three
  numeral
• sāman – Sāman chant, song, tune
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'udgātā'.

दुन्दुभिः (dundubhiḥ) - war drum (war drum, drum)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dundubhi

dundubhi - war drum, drum

Note: Subject of 'smṛtaḥ', equated to 'udgātā'.

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is considered (remembered, considered, held (to be), taught)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, considered, held (to be), taught

Past Passive Participle

From √smṛ (to remember).

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate, 'is considered'.