महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-99, verse-11

नानेन क्रतुभिर्मुख्यैरिष्टं नैव द्विजातयः ।
तर्पिता विधिवच्छक्र सोऽयं कस्मादतीव माम् ॥११॥

11. nānena kratubhirmukhyairiṣṭaṁ naiva dvijātayaḥ ,
tarpitā vidhivacchakra so'yaṁ kasmādatīva mām.

11. na anena kratubhiḥ mukhyaiḥ iṣṭam na eva dvijātayaḥ
tarpitāḥ vidhivat śakra saḥ ayam kasmāt atīva mām

11. śakra anena mukhyaiḥ kratubhiḥ na eva iṣṭam na
dvijātayaḥ vidhivat tarpitāḥ saḥ ayam kasmāt atīva mām

11. O Shakra, by him neither were principal Vedic rituals (kratu) performed, nor were Brahmins (dvijātayaḥ) propitiated according to proper procedure. So why does this very man now behave so exceedingly towards me?

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• अनेन (anena) - by Sudeva (by this (one), by him)

• क्रतुभिः (kratubhiḥ) - by Vedic rituals (kratu) (by sacrifices, by rituals)

• मुख्यैः (mukhyaiḥ) - by principal, by chief

• इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - performed (as a sacrifice) (worshipped, sacrificed, desired)

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - Brahmins, twice-born ones

• तर्पिताः (tarpitāḥ) - satisfied, propitiated

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule, properly, ritually

• शक्र (śakra) - O Shakra (Indra)

• सः (saḥ) - this very one (referring to Sudeva) (he, that (one))

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what

• अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly, very much, greatly

• माम् (mām) - me (accusative)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

अनेन (anena) - by Sudeva (by this (one), by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Agent in passive construction.

क्रतुभिः (kratubhiḥ) - by Vedic rituals (kratu) (by sacrifices, by rituals)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kratu

kratu - sacrifice, ritual, rite, power, will, intelligence

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मुख्यैः (mukhyaiḥ) - by principal, by chief

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mukhya

mukhya - principal, chief, foremost, main

Root: mukha

इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - performed (as a sacrifice) (worshipped, sacrificed, desired)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - worshipped, sacrificed, desired, wished for, beloved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yaj + -ta suffix, with irregular stem iṣ-

Root: yaj (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Used with 'eva' for emphasis.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - Brahmins, twice-born ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born; a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya; a bird; a tooth

Compound. Literally "twice-born".

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, class, caste
  noun (feminine)
  From root jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'tarpitāḥ'.

तर्पिताः (tarpitāḥ) - satisfied, propitiated

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tarpita

tarpita - satisfied, propitiated, gratified, nourished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tṛp (causative) + -ta suffix

Root: tṛp (class 4)

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule, properly, ritually

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed with -vat suffix

शक्र (śakra) - O Shakra (Indra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - powerful, mighty; an epithet of Indra

Root: śak (class 5)

सः (saḥ) - this very one (referring to Sudeva) (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to Sudeva.

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Used for emphasis with 'saḥ'.

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

Interrogative pronoun, ablative singular

अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly, very much, greatly

(indeclinable)

Adverb

Note: Modifies an implied verb.

माम् (mām) - me (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

1st person pronoun

Note: Object of an implied verb.