महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-187, verse-8

शब्दः श्रोत्रं तथा खानि त्रयमाकाशयोनिजम् ।
वायोस्त्वक्स्पर्शचेष्टाश्च वागित्येतच्चतुष्टयम् ॥८॥

8. śabdaḥ śrotraṁ tathā khāni trayamākāśayonijam ,
vāyostvaksparśaceṣṭāśca vāgityetaccatuṣṭayam.

8. śabdaḥ śrotram tathā khāni trayam ākāśayonijam |
vāyoḥ tvak sparśaceṣṭāḥ ca vāk iti etat catuṣṭayam

8. śabdaḥ śrotram tathā khāni trayam ākāśayonijam
vāyoḥ tvak sparśaceṣṭāḥ ca vāk iti etat catuṣṭayam

8. Sound, the organ of hearing, and the bodily apertures – these three are born from space (ākāśa). From air (vāyu) come the skin, the sensation of touch, physical movements, and speech – this is a group of four.

Words meanings summery:

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise, word

• श्रोत्रम् (śrotram) - the ear, the organ of hearing

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same manner, also, and

• खानि (khāni) - apertures, spaces, sensory orifices

• त्रयम् (trayam) - a group of three, triad

• आकाशयोनिजम् (ākāśayonijam) - born from space, having space as its origin

• वायोः (vāyoḥ) - from air, of air

• त्वक् (tvak) - skin, hide

• स्पर्शचेष्टाः (sparśaceṣṭāḥ) - the sense of touch and activities/movements

• च (ca) - and

• वाक् (vāk) - speech, voice, word

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, indicates a quotation or conclusion

• एतत् (etat) - this, these

• चतुष्टयम् (catuṣṭayam) - a group of four, tetrad

Words meanings and morphology

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise, word

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, a verbal testimony

श्रोत्रम् (śrotram) - the ear, the organ of hearing

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śrotra

śrotra - ear, organ of hearing, the act of hearing

तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same manner, also, and

(indeclinable)

खानि (khāni) - apertures, spaces, sensory orifices

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of kha

kha - space, ether, sky, a hole, an aperture, a sensory organ

त्रयम् (trayam) - a group of three, triad

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of traya

traya - a group of three, triad

आकाशयोनिजम् (ākāśayonijam) - born from space, having space as its origin

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākāśayonija

ākāśayonija - originating from ākāśa (space/ether)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ākāśa+yoni+ja)

• ākāśa – space, ether, sky
  noun (masculine)
• yoni – origin, source, womb
  noun (feminine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  Root: jan (class 4)

वायोः (vāyoḥ) - from air, of air

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - air, wind, vital breath

त्वक् (tvak) - skin, hide

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tvac

tvac - skin, hide, bark, rind

स्पर्शचेष्टाः (sparśaceṣṭāḥ) - the sense of touch and activities/movements

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sparśaceṣṭā

sparśaceṣṭā - sensation of touch and physical activities

Compound type : dvandva (sparśa+ceṣṭā)

• sparśa – touch, sensation of touch
  noun (masculine)
  Root: spṛś (class 6)
• ceṣṭā – movement, activity, effort
  noun (feminine)
  Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वाक् (vāk) - speech, voice, word

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word, language

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, indicates a quotation or conclusion

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this, these

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

चतुष्टयम् (catuṣṭayam) - a group of four, tetrad

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of catuṣṭaya

catuṣṭaya - a group of four, tetrad