महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-187, verse-39

पृथग्भूतौ प्रकृत्या तौ संप्रयुक्तौ च सर्वदा ।
यथा मत्स्यो जलं चैव संप्रयुक्तौ तथैव तौ ॥३९॥

39. pṛthagbhūtau prakṛtyā tau saṁprayuktau ca sarvadā ,
yathā matsyo jalaṁ caiva saṁprayuktau tathaiva tau.

39. pṛthagbhūtau prakṛtyā tau saṃprayuktau ca sarvadā
yathā matsyaḥ jalam ca eva saṃprayuktau tathā eva tau

39. tau [sattvakṣetrajñau] prakṛtyā pṛthagbhūtau [bhavataḥ api],
ca sarvadā saṃprayuktau [bhavataḥ] yathā matsyaḥ jalam ca eva saṃprayuktau [bhavataḥ],
tathā eva tau [bhavataḥ]

39. Those two (the material principle and the knower of the field), though fundamentally distinct by their intrinsic nature (prakṛti), are always connected. Just as a fish and water are indeed joined, so too are those two.

Words meanings summery:

• पृथग्भूतौ (pṛthagbhūtau) - distinct, separate (by nature) (having become separate, distinct)

• प्रकृत्या (prakṛtyā) - by their intrinsic nature (prakṛti) (by nature, by intrinsic nature, by primeval matter)

• तौ (tau) - those two (the material principle and the knower of the field) (those two, they (dual))

• संप्रयुक्तौ (saṁprayuktau) - connected (joined, connected, united)

• च (ca) - yet, and (and, also)

• सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always (always, at all times)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

• मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - fish

• जलम् (jalam) - water

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only)

• संप्रयुक्तौ (saṁprayuktau) - joined (joined, connected, united)

• तथा (tathā) - so, just so (so, thus, in that manner)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only)

• तौ (tau) - those two (the material principle and the knower of the field) (those two, they (dual))

Words meanings and morphology

पृथग्भूतौ (pṛthagbhūtau) - distinct, separate (by nature) (having become separate, distinct)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pṛthagbhūta

pṛthagbhūta - separated, distinct, disjoined

Past Passive Participle

From pṛthak (separately) + root bhū (to be) + kta suffix.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pṛthak+bhūta)

• pṛthak – separately, apart, distinct
  indeclinable
• bhūta – become, been, existing, a being
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (to be) + kta suffix.
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tau'.

प्रकृत्या (prakṛtyā) - by their intrinsic nature (prakṛti) (by nature, by intrinsic nature, by primeval matter)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, original form, primeval matter, primordial substance (prakṛti)

From pra + root kṛ (to make) + ktin suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates the means or cause of separation.

तौ (tau) - those two (the material principle and the knower of the field) (those two, they (dual))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative/third person pronoun.

Note: Subject of the first clause.

संप्रयुक्तौ (saṁprayuktau) - connected (joined, connected, united)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃprayukta

saṁprayukta - joined, connected, associated, equipped with

Past Passive Participle

From sam + pra + root yuj (to join) + kta suffix.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'tau'. Appears twice.

च (ca) - yet, and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always (always, at all times)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time, from sarva (all) + dā suffix.

Note: Modifies 'saṃprayuktau'.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb.

मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - fish

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - fish

Note: Subject.

जलम् (jalam) - water

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

From root jal (to flow).

Root: jal (class 1)

Note: Co-subject with 'matsyaḥ' for the implied verb 'bhavati'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes the conjunction.

संप्रयुक्तौ (saṁprayuktau) - joined (joined, connected, united)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃprayukta

saṁprayukta - joined, connected, associated, equipped with

Past Passive Participle

From sam + pra + root yuj (to join) + kta suffix.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'matsyaḥ jalam ca'.

तथा (tathā) - so, just so (so, thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

तौ (tau) - those two (the material principle and the knower of the field) (those two, they (dual))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative/third person pronoun.

Note: Subject of the second clause.