महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-187, verse-42

सृजते हि गुणान्सत्त्वं क्षेत्रज्ञः परिपश्यति ।
संप्रयोगस्तयोरेष सत्त्वक्षेत्रज्ञयोर्ध्रुवः ॥४२॥

42. sṛjate hi guṇānsattvaṁ kṣetrajñaḥ paripaśyati ,
saṁprayogastayoreṣa sattvakṣetrajñayordhruvaḥ.

42. sṛjate hi guṇān sattvam kṣetrajñaḥ paripasyati
saṃprayogaḥ tayoḥ eṣaḥ sattvakṣetrajñayoḥ dhruvaḥ

42. sattvam hi guṇān sṛjate kṣetrajñaḥ [tān] paripasyati
eṣaḥ tayoḥ sattvakṣetrajñayoḥ saṃprayogaḥ dhruvaḥ

42. Indeed, the mind-stuff (sattva) creates the phenomenal qualities (guṇas), while the knower of the field (kṣetrajña) merely observes them. This conjunction (saṃprayoga) between the mind-stuff and the knower of the field (kṣetrajña) is eternal.

Words meanings summery:

• सृजते (sṛjate) - it creates, it emits, it produces

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• गुणान् (guṇān) - the phenomenal qualities or products of the three constituents of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas) (qualities, attributes)

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - the mental faculty (buddhi/mahat) which is predominantly of the sattva guna, here treated as an agent (the mind-stuff, existence, reality, essential nature, goodness)

• क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - The conscious entity (puruṣa/ātman) that observes the body-mind complex (the knower of the field, the soul, the individual Self)

• परिपस्यति (paripasyati) - he observes, he sees clearly, he perceives

• संप्रयोगः (saṁprayogaḥ) - the interaction or connection between Sattva (mind-stuff) and Kṣetrajña (Self) (conjunction, union, association, contact)

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two, between those two

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• सत्त्वक्षेत्रज्ञयोः (sattvakṣetrajñayoḥ) - of Sattva and the knower of the field, between Sattva and the knower of the field

• ध्रुवः (dhruvaḥ) - constant, firm, fixed, eternal

Words meanings and morphology

सृजते (sṛjate) - it creates, it emits, it produces

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sṛj

root verb

present tense, third person, singular, middle voice

Root: sṛj (class 6)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

गुणान् (guṇān) - the phenomenal qualities or products of the three constituents of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas) (qualities, attributes)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent, strand, virtue

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - the mental faculty (buddhi/mahat) which is predominantly of the sattva guna, here treated as an agent (the mind-stuff, existence, reality, essential nature, goodness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - mind-stuff, existence, reality, goodness, intellect

Note: Interpreted as the subject performing creation.

क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - The conscious entity (puruṣa/ātman) that observes the body-mind complex (the knower of the field, the soul, the individual Self)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣetrajña

kṣetrajña - knower of the field, soul, spirit, individual Self

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣetra+jña)

• kṣetra – field, body, sacred place
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  from jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

परिपस्यति (paripasyati) - he observes, he sees clearly, he perceives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paripasyati

root verb

present tense, third person, singular, active voice

Prefix: pari

Root: dṛś (class 1)

संप्रयोगः (saṁprayogaḥ) - the interaction or connection between Sattva (mind-stuff) and Kṣetrajña (Self) (conjunction, union, association, contact)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃprayoga

saṁprayoga - conjunction, union, association, contact, application

from sam + pra + yuj (to join)

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two, between those two

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Genitive dual for 'sattva' and 'kṣetrajña'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Masculine nominative singular form of 'etad'.

सत्त्वक्षेत्रज्ञयोः (sattvakṣetrajñayoḥ) - of Sattva and the knower of the field, between Sattva and the knower of the field

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of sattvakṣetrajña

sattvakṣetrajña - Sattva and Kṣetrajña

Compound type : dvandva (sattva+kṣetrajña)

• sattva – mind-stuff, existence, reality, goodness, intellect
  noun (neuter)
• kṣetrajña – knower of the field, soul, spirit, individual Self
  noun (masculine)

Note: Dual genitive to refer to both 'sattva' and 'kṣetrajña'.

ध्रुवः (dhruvaḥ) - constant, firm, fixed, eternal

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhruva

dhruva - constant, firm, fixed, eternal, permanent

Note: Agrees with saṃprayogaḥ.