महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-187, verse-4

पृथिवी वायुराकाशमापो ज्योतिश्च पञ्चमम् ।
महाभूतानि भूतानां सर्वेषां प्रभवाप्ययौ ॥४॥

4. pṛthivī vāyurākāśamāpo jyotiśca pañcamam ,
mahābhūtāni bhūtānāṁ sarveṣāṁ prabhavāpyayau.

4. pṛthivī vāyuḥ ākāśam āpaḥ jyotiḥ ca pañcamam
mahābhūtāni bhūtānām sarveṣām prabhavāpyayau

4. pṛthivī vāyuḥ ākāśam āpaḥ jyotiḥ ca pañcamam
mahābhūtāni sarveṣām bhūtānām prabhavāpyayau

4. Earth, air, space, water, and fire (as the fifth) are the great elements (mahābhūtāni). They are the origin and the dissolution of all beings.

Words meanings summery:

• पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the element earth (earth, the Earth)

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - the element air (air, wind, the deity Vāyu)

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - the element space/ether (space, ether, sky)

• आपः (āpaḥ) - the element water (waters, water)

• ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - the element fire/light (light, brilliance, fire)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - as the fifth (element) (fifth)

• महाभूतानि (mahābhūtāni) - the five great elements (mahābhūtāni) (great elements, fundamental elements)

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of all beings (of beings, of elements, of creatures)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• प्रभवाप्ययौ (prabhavāpyayau) - the origin and dissolution (origin and dissolution, creation and destruction)

Words meanings and morphology

पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the element earth (earth, the Earth)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, the Earth, soil, ground

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - the element air (air, wind, the deity Vāyu)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - air, wind, breath, vital air, Vāyu (the god of wind)

Root: vā (class 2)

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - the element space/ether (space, ether, sky)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - space, ether, sky, atmosphere

Prefix: ā

Root: kāś (class 1)

आपः (āpaḥ) - the element water (waters, water)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - the element fire/light (light, brilliance, fire)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jyotis

jyotis - light, radiance, fire, star, lumen

Root: jyut (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - as the fifth (element) (fifth)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pañcama

pañcama - fifth, ordinal number five

Note: Agrees with `jyotiḥ` (neuter) implicitly or explicitly as the fifth thing mentioned.

महाभूतानि (mahābhūtāni) - the five great elements (mahābhūtāni) (great elements, fundamental elements)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of mahābhūta

mahābhūta - great element, fundamental element (one of the five: earth, water, fire, air, ether)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhūta)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `bhū`
  Root: bhū (class 1)

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of all beings (of beings, of elements, of creatures)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, existing

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `bhū`

Root: bhū (class 1)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Agrees with `bhūtānām`.

प्रभवाप्ययौ (prabhavāpyayau) - the origin and dissolution (origin and dissolution, creation and destruction)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of prabhavāpyaya

prabhavāpyaya - origin and dissolution, creation and destruction

Compound type : dvandva (prabhava+apyaya)

• prabhava – origin, source, birth, power
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from `pra` + `bhū`
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• apyaya – dissolution, destruction, loss
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from `api` + `i`
  Prefix: api
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Refers to both origin and dissolution.