महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-187, verse-54

एतां बुद्ध्वा नरः सर्वां भूतानामागतिं गतिम् ।
अवेक्ष्य च शनैर्बुद्ध्या लभते शं परं ततः ॥५४॥

54. etāṁ buddhvā naraḥ sarvāṁ bhūtānāmāgatiṁ gatim ,
avekṣya ca śanairbuddhyā labhate śaṁ paraṁ tataḥ.

54. etāṃ buddhvā naraḥ sarvāṃ bhūtānām āgatiṃ gatim
avekṣya ca śanaiḥ buddhyā labhate śaṃ paraṃ tataḥ

54. naraḥ etāṃ bhūtānām sarvāṃ āgatiṃ gatim buddhvā
ca śanaiḥ buddhyā avekṣya tataḥ paraṃ śaṃ labhate

54. Having understood this entire cycle of coming and going (āgatiṃ gatim) of all beings, and having gradually observed it with intelligence (buddhi), a person then attains supreme peace.

Words meanings summery:

• एतां (etāṁ) - this (feminine, accusative)

• बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having understood, having known

• नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a person

• सर्वां (sarvāṁ) - all, entire

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures

• आगतिं (āgatiṁ) - birth, or the cycle of rebirth (coming, origin, arrival)

• गतिम् (gatim) - death, or the cycle of rebirth (going, movement, destiny, end)

• अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having seen, having observed, having considered

• च (ca) - and, also

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gradually, gently

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, by understanding

• लभते (labhate) - attains, obtains, gets

• शं (śaṁ) - peace, welfare, happiness

• परं (paraṁ) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

Words meanings and morphology

एतां (etāṁ) - this (feminine, accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'āgatiṃ gatim'.

बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having understood, having known

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From root 'budh' (to know, to awaken) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: budh (class 1)

नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

सर्वां (sarvāṁ) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, whole

Note: Agrees with 'āgatiṃ gatim'.

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past, happened

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhū' (to be, to exist).

Root: bhū (class 1)

आगतिं (āgatiṁ) - birth, or the cycle of rebirth (coming, origin, arrival)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āgati

āgati - coming, arrival, origin, birth, return

From root 'gam' (to go) with upasarga 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

गतिम् (gatim) - death, or the cycle of rebirth (going, movement, destiny, end)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, state, destiny, end

From root 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Paired with āgatiṃ to mean 'coming and going' or 'birth and death'.

अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having seen, having observed, having considered

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From root 'īkṣ' (to see) with upasargas 'ava' and '-ya'.

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gradually, gently

(indeclinable)

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, by understanding

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, reason, understanding, perception

From root 'budh' (to know, to awaken).

Root: budh (class 1)

लभते (labhate) - attains, obtains, gets

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of labh

present tense, 3rd person singular

Root 'labh'.

Root: labh (class 1)

शं (śaṁ) - peace, welfare, happiness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śam

śam - peace, welfare, happiness, blessing

परं (paraṁ) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other, distant

Note: Agrees with 'śaṃ'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)