महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-187, verse-45

त्यक्त्वा यः प्राकृतं कर्म नित्यमात्मरतिर्मुनिः ।
सर्वभूतात्मभूतः स्यात्स गच्छेत्परमां गतिम् ॥४५॥

45. tyaktvā yaḥ prākṛtaṁ karma nityamātmaratirmuniḥ ,
sarvabhūtātmabhūtaḥ syātsa gacchetparamāṁ gatim.

45. tyaktvā yaḥ prākṛtam karma nityam ātmaratiḥ muniḥ
sarvabhūtātmabhūtaḥ syāt sa gacchet parām gatim

45. yaḥ muniḥ prākṛtam karma tyaktvā nityam ātmaratiḥ sarvabhūtātmabhūtaḥ syāt,
sa parām gatim gacchet.

45. The sage (muniḥ) who, having abandoned worldly actions (karma) and ever delighting in the self (ātman), becomes the very self (ātman) of all beings, he indeed attains the supreme state.

Words meanings summery:

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• प्राकृतम् (prākṛtam) - worldly, mundane (natural, ordinary, worldly)

• कर्म (karma) - worldly actions (karma) (action, deed, work)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly (always, eternally, constantly)

• आत्मरतिः (ātmaratiḥ) - delighting in the self (ātman) (delighting in the self)

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage (muniḥ) (sage, ascetic, silent one)

• सर्वभूतात्मभूतः (sarvabhūtātmabhūtaḥ) - having become the very self (ātman) of all beings (having become the self of all beings)

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be (implies possibility or desired state) (may be, let it be, should be)

• स (sa) - he (that sage) (he, that)

• गच्छेत् (gacchet) - attains (may go, should go, attains)

• पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest (supreme, highest, ultimate)

• गतिम् (gatim) - state, destination (mokṣa) (state, path, destination, movement)

Words meanings and morphology

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root tyaj, indicates completion of action before main verb

Root: tyaj (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'muniḥ'.

प्राकृतम् (prākṛtam) - worldly, mundane (natural, ordinary, worldly)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prākṛta

prākṛta - natural, ordinary, vulgar, worldly, pertaining to prakṛti

From prakṛti (nature, origin)

Note: Qualifies 'karma'.

कर्म (karma) - worldly actions (karma) (action, deed, work)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual

From root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'tyaktvā'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly (always, eternally, constantly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

आत्मरतिः (ātmaratiḥ) - delighting in the self (ātman) (delighting in the self)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmarati

ātmarati - delight in the self, finding joy in the soul

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+rati)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• rati – delight, pleasure, attachment, love
  noun (feminine)
  From root ram (to rejoice)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'muniḥ'.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage (muniḥ) (sage, ascetic, silent one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, hermit, silent one

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सर्वभूतात्मभूतः (sarvabhūtātmabhūtaḥ) - having become the very self (ātman) of all beings (having become the self of all beings)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvabhūtātmabhūta

sarvabhūtātmabhūta - having become the self of all beings, one who is identified with the self of all creatures

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sarva+bhūta+ātman+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (to be, to become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• bhūta – become, happened, arisen (here refers to the state of being)
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (to be, to become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'muniḥ'.

स्यात् (syāt) - should be (implies possibility or desired state) (may be, let it be, should be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Active

3rd person singular, optative mood, active voice, P-class 2

Root: as (class 2)

स (sa) - he (that sage) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun for 'yaḥ'.

गच्छेत् (gacchet) - attains (may go, should go, attains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of gam

Optative Active

3rd person singular, optative mood, active voice, P-class 1

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest (supreme, highest, ultimate)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate, most excellent

Note: Qualifies 'gatim'.

गतिम् (gatim) - state, destination (mokṣa) (state, path, destination, movement)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, path, state, destination, refuge, liberation (mokṣa)

From root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'gacchet'.