महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-187, verse-15

एतां बुद्ध्वा नरो बुद्ध्या भूतानामागतिं गतिम् ।
समवेक्ष्य शनैश्चैव लभते शममुत्तमम् ॥१५॥

15. etāṁ buddhvā naro buddhyā bhūtānāmāgatiṁ gatim ,
samavekṣya śanaiścaiva labhate śamamuttamam.

15. etām buddhvā naraḥ buddhyā bhūtānām āgatim gatim
samavekṣya śanaiḥ ca eva labhate śamam uttamam

15. naraḥ etām buddhvā buddhyā bhūtānām āgatim gatim
ca samavekṣya eva śanaiḥ uttamam śamam labhate

15. Having understood this (knowledge) through his intellect (buddhi), a person, by thoroughly observing the coming and going (i.e., the cycle of saṃsāra) of beings, gradually attains supreme tranquility.

Words meanings summery:

• एताम् (etām) - this (knowledge/understanding, referring to previous verses' teachings) (this)

• बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having understood, having known

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, with understanding

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures, of elements

• आगतिम् (āgatim) - coming (into existence, birth), part of the cycle of saṃsāra (coming, approach, arrival)

• गतिम् (gatim) - going (out of existence, death), part of the cycle of saṃsāra (going, movement, course, destiny)

• समवेक्ष्य (samavekṣya) - having thoroughly observed, having considered, having perceived

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gradually, gently

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• लभते (labhate) - attains, obtains, gets

• शमम् (śamam) - tranquility, peace, quiet, cessation

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme, excellent, highest

Words meanings and morphology

एताम् (etām) - this (knowledge/understanding, referring to previous verses' teachings) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

Note: Refers to an implied feminine noun such as 'buddhim' or 'vidyām'.

बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having understood, having known

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root budh with suffix -tvā

Root: budh (class 1)

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, with understanding

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, discernment, perception, awakening (buddhi)

Root: budh (class 1)

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures, of elements

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past, ghost

Past Passive Participle

from root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Often refers to living beings or created entities.

आगतिम् (āgatim) - coming (into existence, birth), part of the cycle of saṃsāra (coming, approach, arrival)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āgati

āgati - coming, approach, arrival, origin

derived from root gam with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

गतिम् (gatim) - going (out of existence, death), part of the cycle of saṃsāra (going, movement, course, destiny)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, course, destiny, state, path, liberation

derived from root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

समवेक्ष्य (samavekṣya) - having thoroughly observed, having considered, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root īkṣ (to see) with upasargas sam and ava, suffix -ya

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gradually, gently

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

लभते (labhate) - attains, obtains, gets

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of labh

present tense, third person, singular, middle voice

root labh, class 1, ātmanepada

Root: labh (class 1)

शमम् (śamam) - tranquility, peace, quiet, cessation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - tranquility, peace, quiet, cessation, control of mind

derived from root śam

Root: śam (class 4)

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme, excellent, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - supreme, excellent, highest, best, ultimate

superlative of ud

Note: Modifies śamam.