महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-187, verse-60

लोक आतुरजनान्विराविणस्तत्तदेव बहु पश्य शोचतः ।
तत्र पश्य कुशलानशोचतो ये विदुस्तदुभयं पदं सदा ॥६०॥

60. loka āturajanānvirāviṇa;stattadeva bahu paśya śocataḥ ,
tatra paśya kuśalānaśocato; ye vidustadubhayaṁ padaṁ sadā.

60. loka āturajanān virāviṇaḥ tat tat eva bahu paśya śocataḥ
tatra paśya kuśalān aśocataḥ ye viduḥ tat ubhayam padam sadā

60. loka bahu virāviṇaḥ āturajanān tat tat eva śocataḥ paśya
tatra aśocataḥ kuśalān ye sadā tat ubhayam padam viduḥ paśya

60. O people, observe many distressed individuals crying out and grieving over various things. In contrast, see those who are skillful and not grieving, for they always understand both these states (padam).

Words meanings summery:

• लोक (loka) - O people, O world (world, people, folk)

• आतुरजनान् (āturajanān) - distressed people, suffering individuals

• विराविणः (virāviṇaḥ) - lamenting, crying out, wailing

• तत् (tat) - referring to various specific things causing distress (that, those)

• तत् (tat) - referring to various specific things causing distress (that, those)

• एव (eva) - emphasizing 'those very things' (indeed, only, very)

• बहु (bahu) - greatly, or many (people) (much, many, greatly)

• पश्य (paśya) - see, behold, observe

• शोचतः (śocataḥ) - those who are grieving (grieving, lamenting)

• तत्र (tatra) - In contrast, or, regarding that situation (there, in that place, in that case)

• पश्य (paśya) - see, behold, observe

• कुशलान् (kuśalān) - the skillful/wise ones (skillful, expert, fortunate, well)

• अशोचतः (aśocataḥ) - those who are not grieving (not grieving, not sorrowing)

• ये (ye) - who, which

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

• तत् (tat) - referring to the two states (that)

• उभयम् (ubhayam) - both (states) (both)

• पदम् (padam) - condition, state (of grieving and not grieving) (step, foot, state, condition, place)

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

Words meanings and morphology

लोक (loka) - O people, O world (world, people, folk)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, folk, realm

आतुरजनान् (āturajanān) - distressed people, suffering individuals

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āturajana

āturajana - distressed person, suffering individual

Compound of ātura (distressed) and jana (person).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātura+jana)

• ātura – distressed, sick, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
• jana – person, man, creature
  noun (masculine)

विराविणः (virāviṇaḥ) - lamenting, crying out, wailing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of virāvin

virāvin - lamenting, crying out, making noise

From vi + root ru (to cry, sound) + in suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Adjective modifying āturajanān.

तत् (tat) - referring to various specific things causing distress (that, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: This is the first tat in tat tat eva.

तत् (tat) - referring to various specific things causing distress (that, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

एव (eva) - emphasizing 'those very things' (indeed, only, very)

(indeclinable)

बहु (bahu) - greatly, or many (people) (much, many, greatly)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant

Note: Could also be an adverb 'greatly observe'. Here used to qualify 'distressed people'.

पश्य (paśya) - see, behold, observe

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of paś

Present stem of root dṛś (class 1, often takes paś stem).

Formed from dṛś (class 1), present stem paśya-.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

शोचतः (śocataḥ) - those who are grieving (grieving, lamenting)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śocat

śocat - grieving, lamenting, sorrowing

Present Active Participle

From root śuc (to grieve, sorrow).

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: It functions here as an adjective for āturajanān.

तत्र (tatra) - In contrast, or, regarding that situation (there, in that place, in that case)

(indeclinable)

From tad + tra suffix.

पश्य (paśya) - see, behold, observe

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of paś

Present stem of root dṛś (class 1, often takes paś stem).

Formed from dṛś (class 1), present stem paśya-.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कुशलान् (kuśalān) - the skillful/wise ones (skillful, expert, fortunate, well)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kuśala

kuśala - skillful, expert, clever, fortunate, well

अशोचतः (aśocataḥ) - those who are not grieving (not grieving, not sorrowing)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśocat

aśocat - not grieving, free from sorrow

Present Active Participle (negative)

From na (a-) + root śuc (to grieve, sorrow).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śocat)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• śocat – grieving, lamenting
  participle (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root śuc (to grieve, sorrow).
  Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective for kuśalān.

ये (ye) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present tense, class 2 verb.

From root vid (to know), athematic verb.

Root: vid (class 2)

तत् (tat) - referring to the two states (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

उभयम् (ubhayam) - both (states) (both)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ubhaya

ubhaya - both

Pronominal adjective.

पदम् (padam) - condition, state (of grieving and not grieving) (step, foot, state, condition, place)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - step, foot, place, state, condition, goal

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)