महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-168, verse-9

पुत्रशोकाभिसंतप्तं राजानं शोकविह्वलम् ।
विषण्णवदनं दृष्ट्वा विप्रो वचनमब्रवीत् ॥९॥

9. putraśokābhisaṁtaptaṁ rājānaṁ śokavihvalam ,
viṣaṇṇavadanaṁ dṛṣṭvā vipro vacanamabravīt.

9. putraśokābhisantaptam rājānam śokavihvalam
viṣaṇṇavadanam dṛṣṭvā vipraḥ vacanam abravīt

9. putraśokābhisantaptam śokavihvalam viṣaṇṇavadanam
rājānam dṛṣṭvā vipraḥ vacanam abravīt

9. Having seen the king — who was afflicted by the grief of losing his son, overwhelmed by sorrow, and with a dejected face — the Brahmin spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रशोकाभिसन्तप्तम् (putraśokābhisantaptam) - afflicted by grief for a son, distressed by sorrow for a son

• राजानम् (rājānam) - king

• शोकविह्वलम् (śokavihvalam) - overwhelmed by grief, agitated by sorrow

• विषण्णवदनम् (viṣaṇṇavadanam) - having a dejected face, sad-faced

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रशोकाभिसन्तप्तम् (putraśokābhisantaptam) - afflicted by grief for a son, distressed by sorrow for a son

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putraśokābhisantapta

putraśokābhisantapta - distressed by grief for a son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+śoka+abhisantapta)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• śoka – grief, sorrow
  noun (masculine)
• abhisantapta – distressed, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √tap 'to heat, distress' with prefixes abhi- and sam-
  Prefixes: abhi+sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rājānam

राजानम् (rājānam) - king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

शोकविह्वलम् (śokavihvalam) - overwhelmed by grief, agitated by sorrow

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śokavihvala

śokavihvala - overwhelmed by sorrow, agitated by grief

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+vihvala)

• śoka – grief, sorrow
  noun (masculine)
• vihvala – agitated, perplexed, overwhelmed
  adjective (masculine)
  from √hval 'to stagger, be agitated' with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: hval (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rājānam

विषण्णवदनम् (viṣaṇṇavadanam) - having a dejected face, sad-faced

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣaṇṇavadana

viṣaṇṇavadana - having a dejected face, sad-faced

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viṣaṇṇa+vadana)

• viṣaṇṇa – dejected, depressed, despondent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √sad 'to sit, sink' with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sad (class 1)
• vadana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  from √vad 'to speak'
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rājānam

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from √dṛś + -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - a Brahmin, inspired, sage

from √vip 'to tremble, vibrate'

Root: vip (class 1)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, utterance, word, statement

from √vac 'to speak'

Root: vac (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: brū (class 2)