महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-168, verse-45

या दुस्त्यजा दुर्मतिभिर्या न जीर्यति जीर्यतः ।
योऽसौ प्राणान्तिको रोगस्तां तृष्णां त्यजतः सुखम् ॥४५॥

45. yā dustyajā durmatibhiryā na jīryati jīryataḥ ,
yo'sau prāṇāntiko rogastāṁ tṛṣṇāṁ tyajataḥ sukham.

45. yā dustyajā durmatibhiḥ yā na jīryati jīryataḥ yaḥ
asau prāṇāntikaḥ rogaḥ tām tṛṣṇām tyajataḥ sukham

45. yā durmatibhiḥ dustyajā yā jīryataḥ na jīryati yaḥ
asau prāṇāntikaḥ rogaḥ tām tṛṣṇām tyajataḥ sukham

45. That craving (tṛṣṇā) which is difficult for the foolish to abandon, which does not diminish even as one grows old, and which is a fatal disease – happiness comes to one who gives up that craving.

Words meanings summery:

• या (yā) - which, who

• दुस्त्यजा (dustyajā) - difficult to abandon, hard to give up, hard to renounce

• दुर्मतिभिः (durmatibhiḥ) - by the foolish, by the evil-minded

• या (yā) - which, who

• न (na) - not, no

• जीर्यति (jīryati) - decays, grows old, wears out

• जीर्यतः (jīryataḥ) - of one who is decaying, of one who is growing old

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• असौ (asau) - that one, that

• प्राणान्तिकः (prāṇāntikaḥ) - ending in death, fatal, mortal

• रोगः (rogaḥ) - disease, sickness, ailment

• ताम् (tām) - that, her

• तृष्णाम् (tṛṣṇām) - craving, thirst, desire

• त्यजतः (tyajataḥ) - of one who abandons, of one who gives up

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, ease, pleasure, comfort

Words meanings and morphology

या (yā) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

दुस्त्यजा (dustyajā) - difficult to abandon, hard to give up, hard to renounce

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dustyaja

dustyaja - difficult to abandon, hard to give up, hard to renounce

Gerundive

Gerundive formed with prefix dus- and root tyaj

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+tyaja)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• tyaja – to be abandoned, to be given up
  adjective
  Gerundive
  Gerundive of root tyaj
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

दुर्मतिभिः (durmatibhiḥ) - by the foolish, by the evil-minded

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of durmati

durmati - foolish, evil-minded, bad thought, dull-witted

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+mati)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• mati – mind, thought, intention, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  Root: man (class 4)

या (yā) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जीर्यति (jīryati) - decays, grows old, wears out

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīr

Root: jīr (class 9)

जीर्यतः (jīryataḥ) - of one who is decaying, of one who is growing old

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jīryat

jīryat - decaying, growing old, wearing out

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root jīr

Root: jīr (class 9)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

असौ (asau) - that one, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - this, that, yonder

प्राणान्तिकः (prāṇāntikaḥ) - ending in death, fatal, mortal

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṇāntika

prāṇāntika - ending in death, mortal, fatal, causing death

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+antika)

• prāṇa – breath, life, vital air
  noun (masculine)
• antika – end, near, proximity
  noun (neuter)

रोगः (rogaḥ) - disease, sickness, ailment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of roga

roga - disease, sickness, ailment, infirmity

Root: ruj (class 6)

ताम् (tām) - that, her

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, she, he

तृष्णाम् (tṛṣṇām) - craving, thirst, desire

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tṛṣṇā

tṛṣṇā - thirst, craving, desire, longing

Root: tṛṣ (class 4)

त्यजतः (tyajataḥ) - of one who abandons, of one who gives up

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tyajat

tyajat - abandoning, forsaking, giving up

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, ease, pleasure, comfort

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease, comfort, well-being

Note: Used here as a predicate nominative, implying 'there is happiness'.