महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-168, verse-46

अत्र पिङ्गलया गीता गाथाः श्रूयन्ति पार्थिव ।
यथा सा कृच्छ्रकालेऽपि लेभे धर्मं सनातनम् ॥४६॥

46. atra piṅgalayā gītā gāthāḥ śrūyanti pārthiva ,
yathā sā kṛcchrakāle'pi lebhe dharmaṁ sanātanam.

46. atra piṅgalayā gītāḥ gāthāḥ śrūyanti pārthiva
yathā sā kṛcchrakāle api lebhe dharmam sanātanam

46. pārthiva atra piṅgalayā gītāḥ gāthāḥ śrūyanti
yathā sā kṛcchrakāle api sanātanam dharmam lebhe

46. O King (Pārthiva), here are heard the verses sung by Piṅgalā, (describing) how she attained the eternal intrinsic nature (dharma) even in a difficult time.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, in this matter

• पिङ्गलया (piṅgalayā) - by Pingala

• गीताः (gītāḥ) - sung, chanted

• गाथाः (gāthāḥ) - verses, songs, stanzas

• श्रूयन्ति (śrūyanti) - are heard, are listened to

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O prince, O ruler

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, how, in which way

• सा (sā) - she, that

• कृच्छ्रकाले (kṛcchrakāle) - in a time of distress, in a difficult time

• अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover

• लेभे (lebhe) - obtained, received, gained

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness

• सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal, ancient, perpetual

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, in this matter

(indeclinable)

पिङ्गलया (piṅgalayā) - by Pingala

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of piṅgalā

piṅgalā - Pingala (a proper name, often referring to a courtesan)

गीताः (gītāḥ) - sung, chanted

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of gīta

gīta - sung, chanted, recited; a song

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root gai (to sing)

Root: gai (class 1)

गाथाः (gāthāḥ) - verses, songs, stanzas

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of gāthā

gāthā - verse, song, stanza, poem

श्रूयन्ति (śrūyanti) - are heard, are listened to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O prince, O ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, king, prince, ruler

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, how, in which way

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - she, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, she, he

कृच्छ्रकाले (kṛcchrakāle) - in a time of distress, in a difficult time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛcchrakāla

kṛcchrakāla - time of difficulty, season of distress, hard times

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛcchra+kāla)

• kṛcchra – difficulty, distress, pain, hardship
  noun (neuter)
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)

अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover

(indeclinable)

लेभे (lebhe) - obtained, received, gained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of labh

Root: labh (class 1)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness (dharma)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal, ancient, perpetual

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, ancient, perpetual, everlasting, primeval