महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-168, verse-6

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
नष्टे धने वा दारे वा पुत्रे पितरि वा मृते ।
यया बुद्ध्या नुदेच्छोकं तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥६॥

6. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
naṣṭe dhane vā dāre vā putre pitari vā mṛte ,
yayā buddhyā nudecchokaṁ tanme brūhi pitāmaha.

6. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca naṣṭe dhane vā dāre vā putre pitari
vā mṛte yayā buddhyā nudet śokam tat me brūhi pitāmaha

6. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca pitāmaha dhane vā dāre vā putre vā
pitari naṣṭe mṛte vā śokam yayā buddhyā nudet tat me brūhi

6. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "O Grandfather, please tell me, by what kind of intellect (buddhi) one should dispel sorrow (śoka) when wealth (dhana) is lost, or a wife, or a son, or a father has passed away."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said

• नष्टे (naṣṭe) - lost, destroyed (when lost)

• धने (dhane) - in wealth, when wealth

• वा (vā) - or

• दारे (dāre) - in a wife, when a wife

• वा (vā) - or

• पुत्रे (putre) - in a son, when a son

• पितरि (pitari) - in a father, when a father

• वा (vā) - or

• मृते (mṛte) - when dead, having died

• यया (yayā) - by which, by means of which

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, by understanding

• नुदेत् (nudet) - one should dispel, push away

• शोकम् (śokam) - grief, sorrow

• तत् (tat) - that

• मे (me) - to me

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell! speak!

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - O Grandfather!

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

उवाच (uvāca) - said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Root: vac (class 2)

नष्टे (naṣṭe) - lost, destroyed (when lost)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of naṣṭa

naṣṭa - lost, destroyed, ruined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'naś' (to perish).

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'dhane', 'dāre', 'putre', 'pitari'.

धने (dhane) - in wealth, when wealth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

दारे (dāre) - in a wife, when a wife

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dāra

dāra - wife (often used in plural as dārāḥ)

Note: Though 'dāra' is masculine, its locative singular form 'dāre' can refer to 'in a wife'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

पुत्रे (putre) - in a son, when a son

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

पितरि (pitari) - in a father, when a father

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

मृते (mṛte) - when dead, having died

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'mṛ' (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'putre' or 'pitari'.

यया (yayā) - by which, by means of which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, by understanding

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception

नुदेत् (nudet) - one should dispel, push away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of nud

Root: nud (class 6)

शोकम् (śokam) - grief, sorrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - grief, sorrow, lamentation

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

मे (me) - to me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell! speak!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

पितामह (pitāmaha) - O Grandfather!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, great father