महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-168, verse-29

सुखं दुःखान्तमालस्यं दुःखं दाक्ष्यं सुखोदयम् ।
भूतिश्चैव श्रिया सार्धं दक्षे वसति नालसे ॥२९॥

29. sukhaṁ duḥkhāntamālasyaṁ duḥkhaṁ dākṣyaṁ sukhodayam ,
bhūtiścaiva śriyā sārdhaṁ dakṣe vasati nālase.

29. sukham duḥkhāntam ālasyam duḥkham dākṣyam sukhodayam
bhūtiḥ ca eva śriyā sārdham dakṣe vasati na alase

29. ālasyam sukham duḥkhāntam; dākṣyam duḥkham sukhodayam;
bhūtiḥ ca eva śriyā sārdham dakṣe vasati na alase

29. Laziness (ālasya) is a comfort that ultimately ends in sorrow, whereas diligence (dākṣya) is a difficulty that gives rise to happiness. Prosperity and fortune (śrī) dwell in the diligent, not in the lazy.

Words meanings summery:

• सुखम् (sukham) - comfort or ease (describing laziness) (happiness, pleasure, comfort, ease)

• दुःखान्तम् (duḥkhāntam) - ending in sorrow, having sorrow as its end

• आलस्यम् (ālasyam) - laziness, indolence, idleness

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - difficulty or effort (describing diligence) (sorrow, difficulty, pain)

• दाक्ष्यम् (dākṣyam) - diligence, dexterity, efficiency, skill

• सुखोदयम् (sukhodayam) - bringing forth happiness, having happiness as its origin/result, rising in happiness

• भूतिः (bhūtiḥ) - prosperity, welfare, well-being, supernatural power

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, even

• श्रिया (śriyā) - with wealth, with fortune, with prosperity

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

• दक्षे (dakṣe) - in the diligent one, in the skillful person

• वसति (vasati) - dwells, resides, lives

• न (na) - not, no

• अलसे (alase) - in the lazy one, in the indolent person

Words meanings and morphology

सुखम् (sukham) - comfort or ease (describing laziness) (happiness, pleasure, comfort, ease)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happy, pleasant, easy, happiness, pleasure, comfort

From su (good) and kha (opening, space, wheel-nave - implies smooth movement).

Note: Predicate for ālasyam, further qualified by duḥkhāntam.

दुःखान्तम् (duḥkhāntam) - ending in sorrow, having sorrow as its end

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkhānta

duḥkhānta - having sorrow as an end, ending in misery

Tatpurusha compound of duḥkha (sorrow) and anta (end).

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+anta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
  From dus (bad) and kha (space, wheel-nave - implies difficult movement).
• anta – end, limit, conclusion, boundary
  noun (masculine)
  From root am (to go) or at (to wander).
  Root: am/at (class 1)

Note: Predicate modifying sukham.

आलस्यम् (ālasyam) - laziness, indolence, idleness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ālasya

ālasya - laziness, indolence, idleness

From alasa (lazy) + ṣyañ suffix for abstract noun.

Note: Subject of the first clause.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - difficulty or effort (describing diligence) (sorrow, difficulty, pain)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, suffering, misery, difficulty

From dus (bad) and kha (space, wheel-nave - implies difficult movement).

Note: Predicate for dākṣyam, further qualified by sukhodayam.

दाक्ष्यम् (dākṣyam) - diligence, dexterity, efficiency, skill

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dākṣya

dākṣya - dexterity, skill, ability, diligence, efficiency

From dakṣa (skillful, diligent) + ṣyañ suffix for abstract noun.

Note: Subject of the second clause.

सुखोदयम् (sukhodayam) - bringing forth happiness, having happiness as its origin/result, rising in happiness

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukhodaya

sukhodaya - rise of happiness, emergence of pleasure, leading to happiness

Tatpurusha compound of sukha (happiness) and udaya (rise, origin, result).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sukha+udaya)

• sukha – happy, pleasant, easy, happiness, pleasure
  noun (neuter)
  From su (good) and kha (opening, space, wheel-nave - implies smooth movement).
• udaya – rise, origin, beginning, result, prosperity
  noun (masculine)
  From ud- + root i (to go) + ac suffix.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Predicate modifying duḥkham.

भूतिः (bhūtiḥ) - prosperity, welfare, well-being, supernatural power

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūti

bhūti - being, existence, welfare, prosperity, opulence, power, supernatural faculty

From root bhū (to be, to become) + kti suffix.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects of vasati.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, even

(indeclinable)

श्रिया (śriyā) - with wealth, with fortune, with prosperity

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, wealth, fortune, glory, beauty, goddess Lakṣmī

From root śrī (to resort to, to serve).

Root: śrī (class 1)

Note: Accompanies bhūtiḥ and sārdham.

सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

(indeclinable)

From sa-ardha (with half), often used as an adverb or postposition.

दक्षे (dakṣe) - in the diligent one, in the skillful person

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dakṣa

dakṣa - capable, skillful, diligent, efficient, clever

From root dakṣ (to be able, to grow, to hasten).

Root: dakṣ (class 1)

वसति (vasati) - dwells, resides, lives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vas

Present active indicative

3rd person singular present active.

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Verb for bhūtiḥ and śrī.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the dwelling in the lazy person.

अलसे (alase) - in the lazy one, in the indolent person

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of alasa

alasa - lazy, indolent, idle, sluggish

From a (not) + root las (to shine, to be active), so 'not active'.

Root: las (class 1)

Note: Contrasted with dakṣe.