महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-168, verse-10

किं नु खल्वसि मूढस्त्वं शोच्यः किमनुशोचसि ।
यदा त्वामपि शोचन्तः शोच्या यास्यन्ति तां गतिम् ॥१०॥

10. kiṁ nu khalvasi mūḍhastvaṁ śocyaḥ kimanuśocasi ,
yadā tvāmapi śocantaḥ śocyā yāsyanti tāṁ gatim.

10. kim nu khalu asi mūḍhaḥ tvam śocyaḥ kim anuśocasi
yadā tvām api śocantah śocyāḥ yāsyanti tām gatim

10. kim nu khalu tvam mūḍhaḥ asi? śocyaḥ kim anuśocasi? yadā tvām api śocantah śocyāḥ tām gatim yāsyanti.

10. What, are you indeed so deluded? You yourself are pitiable, so why do you lament? For when those who lament even you—who are worthy of pity—will themselves go to that same destination.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what?, (interrogative particle)

• नु (nu) - indeed, pray, now

• खलु (khalu) - indeed, surely

• असि (asi) - you are

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, deluded

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• शोच्यः (śocyaḥ) - pitiable, lamentable, to be grieved for

• किम् (kim) - why?

• अनुशोचसि (anuśocasi) - you lament, you grieve for

• यदा (yadā) - when

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• अपि (api) - even

• शोचन्तह् (śocantah) - those who lament, lamenting ones

• शोच्याः (śocyāḥ) - pitiable ones, those to be lamented

• यास्यन्ति (yāsyanti) - they will go

• ताम् (tām) - that

• गतिम् (gatim) - destination, state, course

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what?, (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle

नु (nu) - indeed, pray, now

(indeclinable)

खलु (khalu) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice

Root: as (class 2)

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, deluded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, deluded, bewildered, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

from √muh 'to be bewildered'

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with tvam

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you (nominative singular)

शोच्यः (śocyaḥ) - pitiable, lamentable, to be grieved for

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śocya

śocya - pitiable, lamentable, to be grieved for

Gerundive

from √śuc 'to grieve' + -ya

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tvam (understood)

किम् (kim) - why?

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb 'why'

अनुशोचसि (anuśocasi) - you lament, you grieve for

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice

from √śuc with upasarga anu-

Prefix: anu

Root: śuc (class 1)

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

अपि (api) - even

(indeclinable)

शोचन्तह् (śocantah) - those who lament, lamenting ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śocat

śocat - lamenting, grieving

Present Active Participle

from √śuc 'to grieve'

Root: śuc (class 1)

शोच्याः (śocyāḥ) - pitiable ones, those to be lamented

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śocya

śocya - pitiable, lamentable, to be grieved for

Gerundive

from √śuc 'to grieve' + -ya

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śocantaḥ, referring to those who lament.

यास्यन्ति (yāsyanti) - they will go

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of yā

future tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

Root: yā (class 2)

ताम् (tām) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Feminine accusative singular of tad

गतिम् (gatim) - destination, state, course

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, course, state, condition, destination

from √gam 'to go'

Root: gam (class 1)