महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-168, verse-34

यन्निमित्तं भवेच्छोकस्त्रासो वा दुःखमेव वा ।
आयासो वा यतोमूलस्तदेकाङ्गमपि त्यजेत् ॥३४॥

34. yannimittaṁ bhavecchokastrāso vā duḥkhameva vā ,
āyāso vā yatomūlastadekāṅgamapi tyajet.

34. yat nimittam bhavet śokaḥ trāsaḥ vā duḥkham eva
vā āyāsaḥ vā yatomūlaḥ tat ekāṅgam api tyajet

34. yat nimittam śokaḥ vā trāsaḥ vā duḥkham eva vā bhavet,
vā yatomūlaḥ āyāsaḥ bhavet,
tat ekāṅgam api tyajet

34. Whatever may be the cause of sorrow (śoka), or fear, or even suffering, or from which exhaustion (āyāsa) originates, one should abandon even a single part of that.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - Whatever (reason) (which, whatever, that which)

• निमित्तम् (nimittam) - cause, reason, motive, occasion

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, might happen, becomes

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief, lamentation, distress

• त्रासः (trāsaḥ) - fear, terror, alarm

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, pain, distress, misery

• एव (eva) - even, indeed, just, only

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• आयासः (āyāsaḥ) - exhaustion, fatigue, effort, trouble

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• यतोमूलः (yatomūlaḥ) - whose root is that, from which it originates

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore, then

• एकाङ्गम् (ekāṅgam) - a single part, one limb, one aspect

• अपि (api) - also, even, too, moreover

• त्यजेत् (tyajet) - should abandon, should give up, should forsake

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - Whatever (reason) (which, whatever, that which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Neuter singular nominative form of the relative pronoun 'yad'.

निमित्तम् (nimittam) - cause, reason, motive, occasion

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nimitta

nimitta - cause, reason, motive, sign, omen

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, might happen, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (Liṅ) of bhū

Optative mood

From the root 'bhū' (Class 1) + 'yā' (optative sign) + 't' (3rd person singular active ending).

Root: bhū (class 1)

शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief, lamentation, distress

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation, distress

From the root 'śuc' (to grieve, lament).

Root: śuc (class 1)

त्रासः (trāsaḥ) - fear, terror, alarm

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trāsa

trāsa - fear, terror, alarm

From the root 'tras' (to tremble, be afraid).

Root: tras (class 4)

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, pain, distress, misery

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery, uneasiness

Compound of 'dus' (bad, difficult) + 'kha' (axle-hole, space, comfort).

Compound type : Prādi Tatpuruṣa (dus+kha)

• dus – bad, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix expressing difficulty or negativity.
• kha – space, ether, sky, empty space, a hole
  noun (neuter)

एव (eva) - even, indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle.

आयासः (āyāsaḥ) - exhaustion, fatigue, effort, trouble

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āyāsa

āyāsa - exhaustion, fatigue, toil, trouble, effort

From the prefix 'ā' + root 'yam' (to restrain, stretch).

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle.

यतोमूलः (yatomūlaḥ) - whose root is that, from which it originates

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatomūla

yatomūla - whose root is from which, having that as its origin

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (yatas+mūla)

• yatas – from which, whence, because of which
  indeclinable
  Ablative adverbial form of 'yad'.
• mūla – root, origin, basis, foundation
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'āyāsaḥ'.

तत् (tat) - that, therefore, then

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

Neuter singular accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun 'tad'.

एकाङ्गम् (ekāṅgam) - a single part, one limb, one aspect

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekāṅga

ekāṅga - single limb/part, one-part, having one member

Compound type : Karma-Tatpurusha (eka+aṅga)

• eka – one, single, unique
  numeral/adjective
• aṅga – limb, body part, constituent, division
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'tyajet'.

अपि (api) - also, even, too, moreover

(indeclinable)

त्यजेत् (tyajet) - should abandon, should give up, should forsake

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (Liṅ) of tyaj

Optative mood

From the root 'tyaj' (Class 1) + 'ī' (optative vowel) + 't' (3rd person singular active ending).

Root: tyaj (class 1)