महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-121, verse-7

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कश्च पूर्वापरमिदं जागर्ति परिपालयन् ।
कश्च विज्ञायते पूर्वं कोऽपरो दण्डसंज्ञितः ।
किंसंस्थश्च भवेद्दण्डः का चास्य गतिरिष्यते ॥७॥

7. kaśca pūrvāparamidaṁ jāgarti paripālayan ,
kaśca vijñāyate pūrvaṁ ko'paro daṇḍasaṁjñitaḥ ,
kiṁsaṁsthaśca bhaveddaṇḍaḥ kā cāsya gatiriṣyate.

7. kaḥ ca pūrvāparam idaṃ jāgarti
paripālayan kaḥ ca vijñāyate pūrvaṃ kaḥ
aparaḥ daṇḍasaṃjñitaḥ kimsaṃsthaḥ ca
bhavet daṇḍaḥ kā ca asya gatiḥ iṣyate

7. kaḥ ca idaṃ pūrvāparam paripālayan
jāgarti kaḥ ca pūrvaṃ vijñāyate kaḥ
aparaḥ daṇḍasaṃjñitaḥ daṇḍaḥ kimsaṃsthaḥ
ca bhavet ca asya kā gatiḥ iṣyate

7. And who is it that, protecting this entire past and future (pūrvāparam), remains vigilant? Who is known as the primary (pūrva) principle, and who is the other, called governance (daṇḍa)? In what does governance (daṇḍa) ultimately reside, and what is considered its destined path?

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

कः (kaḥ) - who

च (ca) - and, also

पूर्वापरम् (pūrvāparam) - the entire continuum of past and future (what precedes and what follows, past and future, entire continuum)

इदं (idaṁ) - this

जागर्ति (jāgarti) - remains vigilant, stays awake, is active

परिपालयन् (paripālayan) - protecting, guarding, maintaining

कः (kaḥ) - who

च (ca) - and, also

विज्ञायते (vijñāyate) - is known, is understood

पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - the primary aspect or principle (first, primary, anterior)

कः (kaḥ) - who

अपरः (aparaḥ) - the other one (the other, secondary)

दण्डसंज्ञितः (daṇḍasaṁjñitaḥ) - named or designated as governance (daṇḍa) (named as governance, called daṇḍa)

किम्संस्थः (kimsaṁsthaḥ) - in what does it reside/rest, having what as its basis

च (ca) - and, also

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - governance, punishment, authority

का (kā) - what

च (ca) - and, also

अस्य (asya) - its (referring to daṇḍa) (its, of this)

गतिः (gatiḥ) - ultimate course or destined path (course, movement, destination, path, fate, ultimate state)

इष्यते (iṣyate) - is desired, is sought, is considered

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

पूर्वापरम् (pūrvāparam) - the entire continuum of past and future (what precedes and what follows, past and future, entire continuum)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūrvāpara

pūrvāpara - what precedes and what follows, former and latter, past and future

Tatpurusha or Dvandva compound of 'pūrva' (former) and 'apara' (latter).

Compound type : dvandva (pūrva+apara)

pūrva – former, prior, earlier, eastern
adjective (masculine)
apara – other, latter, subsequent, western
adjective (masculine)

Note: Object of `paripālayan`.

इदं (idaṁ) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Modifies `pūrvāparam`.

जागर्ति (jāgarti) - remains vigilant, stays awake, is active

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jāgṛ

Root in 3rd conjugation.

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

परिपालयन् (paripālayan) - protecting, guarding, maintaining

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paripālayat

paripālayat - protecting, maintaining, guarding

Present Active Participle

From the causative of root 'pā' (to protect) with 'pari' prefix.

Prefix: pari

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Acts as an adjective describing 'kaḥ' (who).

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

विज्ञायते (vijñāyate) - is known, is understood

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of vijñā

Root 'jñā' (to know) with prefix 'vi', in passive voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - the primary aspect or principle (first, primary, anterior)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pūrva

pūrva - first, prior, former, eastern

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

अपरः (aparaḥ) - the other one (the other, secondary)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, different, secondary, inferior, later, western

Note: Used as a substantive, 'the other one'.

दण्डसंज्ञितः (daṇḍasaṁjñitaḥ) - named or designated as governance (daṇḍa) (named as governance, called daṇḍa)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍasaṃjñita

daṇḍasaṁjñita - named or designated as 'daṇḍa' (governance/punishment)

Tatpurusha compound of 'daṇḍa' (governance) and 'saṃjñita' (named, called).

Compound type : tatpurusha (daṇḍa+saṃjñita)

daṇḍa – rod, staff, mace, punishment, penalty, governance, rule, authority
noun (masculine)
From root 'daṇḍ' (to punish).
Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
saṃjñita – named, designated, called, indicated
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From saṃ-jñā (to know, recognize, name).
Prefix: sam
Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective.

किम्संस्थः (kimsaṁsthaḥ) - in what does it reside/rest, having what as its basis

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kimsaṃstha

kimsaṁstha - in what does it reside/rest, having what as its basis

Compound of 'kim' (what) and 'saṃstha' (residing in, based on).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kim+saṃstha)

kim – what, which, who
pronoun (neuter)
saṃstha – abiding in, resting on, based on, established
adjective (masculine)
From sam-sthā (to stand together, reside).
Prefix: sam
Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Adjective for `daṇḍaḥ`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root in 1st conjugation.

Root: bhū (class 1)

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - governance, punishment, authority

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa