महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-121, verse-43

हस्तिनोऽश्वा रथाः पत्तिर्नावो विष्टिस्तथैव च ।
दैशिकाश्चारकाश्चैव तदष्टाङ्गं बलं स्मृतम् ॥४३॥

43. hastino'śvā rathāḥ pattirnāvo viṣṭistathaiva ca ,
daiśikāścārakāścaiva tadaṣṭāṅgaṁ balaṁ smṛtam.

43. hastinaḥ aśvāḥ rathāḥ pattiḥ nāvaḥ viṣṭiḥ tathā eva
ca daiśikāḥ cārakāḥ ca eva tat aṣṭāṅgam balam smṛtam

43. hastinaḥ aśvāḥ rathāḥ pattiḥ nāvaḥ viṣṭiḥ tathā eva
ca daiśikāḥ cārakāḥ ca eva tat aṣṭāṅgam balam smṛtam

43. Elephants, horses, chariots, infantry, ships, and transport/logistical support (viṣṭi), as well as guides and spies – that is remembered as the eight-limbed force.

Words meanings summery:

• हस्तिनः (hastinaḥ) - elephants

• अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses

• रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots

• पत्तिः (pattiḥ) - infantry, foot soldier

• नावः (nāvaḥ) - ships, boats

• विष्टिः (viṣṭiḥ) - transport, logistical support, forced labor

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in the same way

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

• च (ca) - and, also

• दैशिकाः (daiśikāḥ) - military scouts or guides (guides, instructors)

• चारकाः (cārakāḥ) - intelligence agents or spies in a military context (spies, scouts)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

• तत् (tat) - that

• अष्टाङ्गम् (aṣṭāṅgam) - referring to the eight-limbed military force (having eight limbs/components)

• बलम् (balam) - force, army

• स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - remembered, considered, stated

Words meanings and morphology

हस्तिनः (hastinaḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hastin

hastin - elephant (lit. 'having a hand/trunk')

From hasta (hand) + possessive suffix -in.

Note: Also could be genitive/ablative singular. Context implies nominative plural.

अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

From root ramh (to go, run).

Root: ramh (class 1)

पत्तिः (pattiḥ) - infantry, foot soldier

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patti

patti - infantry, foot soldier, walking

From root pad (to go, walk).

Root: pad (class 1)

Note: Can be pluralized as pattyaḥ or used as a collective singular.

नावः (nāvaḥ) - ships, boats

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nau

nau - ship, boat

u-stem noun.

विष्टिः (viṣṭiḥ) - transport, logistical support, forced labor

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viṣṭi

viṣṭi - forced labor, impressment, compulsory service, transport, supplies

From root viś (to enter, to be active) or viṣ (to provide, to pervade).

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Often used collectively.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in the same way

(indeclinable)

Note: Often combined with eva for emphasis ('just so').

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to emphasize the preceding word or phrase.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दैशिकाः (daiśikāḥ) - military scouts or guides (guides, instructors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daiśika

daiśika - guide, instructor, showing the way

From diś (direction) + suffix ika.

Root: diś (class 6)

चारकाः (cārakāḥ) - intelligence agents or spies in a military context (spies, scouts)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cāraka

cāraka - spy, messenger, wanderer

From root car (to move, to wander).

Root: car (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Used as a demonstrative referring to the preceding list.

अष्टाङ्गम् (aṣṭāṅgam) - referring to the eight-limbed military force (having eight limbs/components)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aṣṭāṅga

aṣṭāṅga - having eight limbs/parts, eight-fold

Compound of aṣṭan (eight) and aṅga (limb/part).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aṣṭan+aṅga)

• aṣṭan – eight
  numeral
• aṅga – limb, body part, component, division
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with balam.

बलम् (balam) - force, army

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - remembered, considered, stated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, thought of, mentioned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root smṛ (to remember).

Root: smṛ (class 1)