महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-121, verse-20

शास्त्रं ब्राह्मणमन्त्रश्च शास्ता प्राग्वचनं गतः ।
धर्मपालोऽक्षरो देवः सत्यगो नित्यगो ग्रहः ॥२०॥

20. śāstraṁ brāhmaṇamantraśca śāstā prāgvacanaṁ gataḥ ,
dharmapālo'kṣaro devaḥ satyago nityago grahaḥ.

20. śāstram brāhmaṇamantraḥ ca śāstā prāgvancanam gataḥ
dharmapālaḥ akṣaraḥ devaḥ satyagaḥ nityagaḥ grahaḥ

20. (Daṇḍaḥ) śāstram ca brāhmaṇamantraḥ,
(saḥ) śāstā prāgvancanam gataḥ.
(Saḥ) dharmapālaḥ akṣaraḥ devaḥ satyagaḥ nityagaḥ grahaḥ (ca asti).

20. Daṇḍa (justice) is also the scripture (śāstra) and the sacred utterance of the Brahmin. It is the discipliner who embodies ancient pronouncements. Furthermore, it is the protector of (dharma) natural law, the imperishable, the divine, the one who adheres to truth, the ever-present, and the upholder.

Words meanings summery:

• शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - scripture, teaching, science, rule, treatise

• ब्राह्मणमन्त्रः (brāhmaṇamantraḥ) - sacred utterance of the Brahmin (sacred utterance of a Brahmin, mantra of a Brahmin)

• च (ca) - and

• शास्ता (śāstā) - discipliner (ruler, discipliner, punisher, instructor)

• प्राग्वन्चनम् (prāgvancanam) - ancient pronouncements (ancient word, former statement, previous utterance)

• गतः (gataḥ) - embodying, having recourse to, following (gone, reached, attained, embodying)

• धर्मपालः (dharmapālaḥ) - protector of natural law (dharma) (protector of dharma, guardian of law/righteousness)

• अक्षरः (akṣaraḥ) - imperishable (imperishable, indestructible, syllable, letter)

• देवः (devaḥ) - divine (god, divine being)

• सत्यगः (satyagaḥ) - one who adheres to truth (following truth, pursuing truth, going with truth)

• नित्यगः (nityagaḥ) - ever-present (ever-present, eternal, constantly moving)

• ग्रहः (grahaḥ) - upholder, seizer (of control) (seizing, grasping, planet, influence, upholder)

Words meanings and morphology

शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - scripture, teaching, science, rule, treatise

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śāstra

śāstra - scripture, teaching, instruction, science, treatise, rule, command

From √śās (to instruct, rule).

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: An attribute or name of Daṇḍa.

ब्राह्मणमन्त्रः (brāhmaṇamantraḥ) - sacred utterance of the Brahmin (sacred utterance of a Brahmin, mantra of a Brahmin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇamantra

brāhmaṇamantra - a mantra belonging to or recited by a Brahmin, sacred utterance of a Brahmin

Tatpuruṣa compound: brāhmaṇa (Brahmin) + mantra (sacred utterance).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brāhmaṇa+mantra)

• brāhmaṇa – a Brahmin, belonging to a Brahmin
  noun (masculine)
• mantra – sacred utterance, hymn, prayer, counsel
  noun (masculine)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: An attribute or name of Daṇḍa.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'śāstra' and 'brāhmaṇamantra'.

शास्ता (śāstā) - discipliner (ruler, discipliner, punisher, instructor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāstṛ

śāstṛ - ruler, discipliner, punisher, instructor, preceptor

Agent noun from √śās (to rule, punish, instruct). Nominative singular.

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: An attribute or name of Daṇḍa.

प्राग्वन्चनम् (prāgvancanam) - ancient pronouncements (ancient word, former statement, previous utterance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāgvancana

prāgvancana - ancient word, former statement, previous utterance

Tatpuruṣa compound: prāk (before, ancient) + vacana (word, utterance).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāk+vacana)

• prāk – before, formerly, previously, ancient
  indeclinable
• vacana – word, speech, utterance, statement
  noun (neuter)
  From √vac (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'gataḥ' or in an adjectival relationship.

गतः (gataḥ) - embodying, having recourse to, following (gone, reached, attained, embodying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, reached, obtained, past; a state or condition that has been reached or assumed

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go) + kta pratyaya. Masculine, nominative singular.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Describes 'śāstā'.

धर्मपालः (dharmapālaḥ) - protector of natural law (dharma) (protector of dharma, guardian of law/righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmapāla

dharmapāla - protector of dharma, guardian of law/righteousness

Tatpuruṣa compound: dharma (natural law) + pāla (protector).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+pāla)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• pāla – protector, guardian, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  From √pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: An attribute or name of Daṇḍa.

अक्षरः (akṣaraḥ) - imperishable (imperishable, indestructible, syllable, letter)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akṣara

akṣara - imperishable, indestructible, eternal; a syllable, a letter; the Supreme Being, Brahman

From a- (negation) + kṣara (perishable, flowing).

Prefix: a

Root: kṣar (class 1)

Note: An attribute or name of Daṇḍa.

देवः (devaḥ) - divine (god, divine being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, divine being, deity, celestial

From √div (to shine).

Root: div (class 4)

Note: An attribute or name of Daṇḍa.

सत्यगः (satyagaḥ) - one who adheres to truth (following truth, pursuing truth, going with truth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyaga

satyaga - going with truth, adhering to truth, follower of truth

Upapada tatpuruṣa (or possibly Bahuvrīhi adjective): satya (truth) + ga (going).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (satya+ga)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving, reaching (suffix)
  noun (masculine)
  From √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: An attribute or name of Daṇḍa.

नित्यगः (nityagaḥ) - ever-present (ever-present, eternal, constantly moving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nityaga

nityaga - ever-present, eternal, constantly moving

Upapada tatpuruṣa (or Bahuvrīhi adjective): nitya (eternal, constant) + ga (going).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (nitya+ga)

• nitya – eternal, constant, perpetual, always
  adjective (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, reaching (suffix)
  noun (masculine)
  From √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: An attribute or name of Daṇḍa.

ग्रहः (grahaḥ) - upholder, seizer (of control) (seizing, grasping, planet, influence, upholder)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of graha

graha - seizing, grasping, holding, taking; a planet; an influence; an upholder, controller

From √grah (to seize, grasp).

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: An attribute or name of Daṇḍa.