महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-121, verse-52

यश्च वेदप्रसूतात्मा स धर्मो गुणदर्शकः ।
धर्मप्रत्यय उत्पन्नो यथाधर्मः कृतात्मभिः ॥५२॥

52. yaśca vedaprasūtātmā sa dharmo guṇadarśakaḥ ,
dharmapratyaya utpanno yathādharmaḥ kṛtātmabhiḥ.

52. yaḥ ca vedaprasūtātmā saḥ dharmaḥ guṇadarśakaḥ |
dharmapratyayaḥ utpannaḥ yathādharmaḥ kṛtātmabhiḥ

52. ca yaḥ vedaprasūtātmā,
saḥ guṇadarśakaḥ dharmaḥ (asti) dharmapratyayaḥ utpannaḥ (asti),
(yena) kṛtātmabhiḥ yathādharmaḥ (ācarati)

52. That which has its intrinsic nature (ātman) born from the Vedas is (natural law) dharma, which reveals merits. When conviction in (natural law) dharma arises, righteous conduct (yathādharma) is practiced by those who have perfected their self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which, that

• च (ca) - and, also

• वेदप्रसूतात्मा (vedaprasūtātmā) - whose intrinsic nature (ātman) is born/sprung from the Vedas

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - (natural law) dharma ((natural law) dharma, righteousness, duty, constitution)

• गुणदर्शकः (guṇadarśakaḥ) - reveals merits (revealer of merits/qualities, one who shows good qualities)

• धर्मप्रत्ययः (dharmapratyayaḥ) - conviction in (natural law) dharma (conviction in (natural law) dharma, apprehension of dharma)

• उत्पन्नः (utpannaḥ) - arises (born, arisen, produced)

• यथाधर्मः (yathādharmaḥ) - righteous conduct (according to (natural law) dharma, righteous, proper conduct, righteousness)

• कृतात्मभिः (kṛtātmabhiḥ) - by those of perfected self (ātman), by those whose self is accomplished

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वेदप्रसूतात्मा (vedaprasūtātmā) - whose intrinsic nature (ātman) is born/sprung from the Vedas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vedaprasūtātman

vedaprasūtātman - having its essence sprung from the Vedas

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (veda+prasūta+ātman)

• veda – knowledge, Veda (sacred texts)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• prasūta – born, produced, sprung from
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sū- (to give birth, produce) + pra + kta suffix
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sū (class 2)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - (natural law) dharma ((natural law) dharma, righteousness, duty, constitution)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

गुणदर्शकः (guṇadarśakaḥ) - reveals merits (revealer of merits/qualities, one who shows good qualities)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇadarśaka

guṇadarśaka - revealing merits, showing qualities

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guṇa+darśaka)

• guṇa – quality, merit, virtue, strand
  noun (masculine)
• darśaka – showing, revealing, seeing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root dṛś- (to see) + ṇvul suffix (kartari)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

धर्मप्रत्ययः (dharmapratyayaḥ) - conviction in (natural law) dharma (conviction in (natural law) dharma, apprehension of dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmapratyaya

dharmapratyaya - conviction in dharma, idea of dharma

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+pratyaya)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• pratyaya – conviction, belief, idea, trust, cause, sign, apprehension
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: prati
  Root: i (class 2)

उत्पन्नः (utpannaḥ) - arises (born, arisen, produced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utpanna

utpanna - born, arisen, produced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pad- (to go, fall) + ut + pra + kta suffix

Prefixes: ut+pra

Root: pad (class 4)

यथाधर्मः (yathādharmaḥ) - righteous conduct (according to (natural law) dharma, righteous, proper conduct, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yathādharma

yathādharma - according to dharma, righteousness, proper conduct

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+dharma)

• yathā – as, according to, in which manner
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Here interpreted as a noun 'righteous conduct' referring to the outcome of the conviction.

कृतात्मभिः (kṛtātmabhiḥ) - by those of perfected self (ātman), by those whose self is accomplished

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṛtātman

kṛtātman - having the self perfected, accomplished self

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+ātman)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished, perfected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ- (to do, make) + kta suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here as a noun referring to individuals with perfected selves.