महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-121, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
अयं पितामहेनोक्तो राजधर्मः सनातनः ।
ईश्वरश्च महादण्डो दण्डे सर्वं प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
ayaṁ pitāmahenokto rājadharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ,
īśvaraśca mahādaṇḍo daṇḍe sarvaṁ pratiṣṭhitam.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca ayam pitāmahena uktaḥ rājadharmaḥ
sanātanaḥ īśvaraḥ ca mahādaṇḍaḥ daṇḍe sarvam pratiṣṭhitam

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca pitāmahena ayam sanātanaḥ rājadharmaḥ
uktaḥ ca īśvaraḥ mahādaṇḍaḥ sarvam daṇḍe pratiṣṭhitam

1. Yudhishthira said: "This eternal royal constitution (dharma) has been declared by the grandfather (Bhishma). The Lord (īśvara) himself is the great enforcer of justice (daṇḍa); indeed, everything is founded upon this justice (daṇḍa)."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (royal constitution) (this (masculine))

• पितामहेन (pitāmahena) - by the grandfather (Bhishma) (by the grandfather)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - declared (spoken, said, declared)

• राजधर्मः (rājadharmaḥ) - royal constitution (dharma) (royal duty (dharma))

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal (eternal, ancient, everlasting)

• ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - the Lord (īśvara) (lord, master, ruler, the Lord (īśvara))

• च (ca) - and, also

• महादण्डः (mahādaṇḍaḥ) - the great enforcer of justice (daṇḍa) (great staff, great punishment, great scepter, great enforcer of justice)

• दण्डे (daṇḍe) - in this justice (daṇḍa) (in punishment, in the scepter, in justice)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, everything, whole)

• प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) - founded (established, founded, fixed, supported)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steadfast in battle, Yudhishthira (eldest Pandava)

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight, war
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable, steadfast
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (liṭ)

Irregular perfect tense form of `vac`.

Root: vac (class 2)

अयम् (ayam) - this (royal constitution) (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

पितामहेन (pitāmahena) - by the grandfather (Bhishma) (by the grandfather)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, creator (Brahma)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - declared (spoken, said, declared)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'rājadharmaḥ'.

राजधर्मः (rājadharmaḥ) - royal constitution (dharma) (royal duty (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājadharma

rājadharma - royal duty (dharma), the natural law (dharma) of kingship

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+dharma)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal (eternal, ancient, everlasting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, ancient, perpetual, everlasting

From `sanā` (always) + suffix `-tana`.

ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - the Lord (īśvara) (lord, master, ruler, the Lord (īśvara))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler, king, the Supreme Being (īśvara)

From root īś (to be master of).

Root: īś (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महादण्डः (mahādaṇḍaḥ) - the great enforcer of justice (daṇḍa) (great staff, great punishment, great scepter, great enforcer of justice)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādaṇḍa

mahādaṇḍa - great staff, great punishment, great scepter (symbol of royal authority)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+daṇḍa)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of mahat used as first member of compound.
• daṇḍa – staff, stick, punishment, fine, justice (daṇḍa), scepter (symbol of power)
  noun (masculine)

दण्डे (daṇḍe) - in this justice (daṇḍa) (in punishment, in the scepter, in justice)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - staff, stick, punishment, fine, justice (daṇḍa), scepter (symbol of power)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, everything, whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) - founded (established, founded, fixed, supported)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratiṣṭhita

pratiṣṭhita - established, founded, fixed, standing, consecrated

Past Passive Participle

From root prati-sthā (to stand firm, to establish).

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)