महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-121, verse-47

ईश्वरेण प्रयत्नेन धारणे क्षत्रियस्य हि ।
दण्डो दत्तः समानात्मा दण्डो हीदं सनातनम् ।
राज्ञां पूज्यतमो नान्यो यथाधर्मप्रदर्शनः ॥४७॥

47. īśvareṇa prayatnena dhāraṇe kṣatriyasya hi ,
daṇḍo dattaḥ samānātmā daṇḍo hīdaṁ sanātanam ,
rājñāṁ pūjyatamo nānyo yathādharmapradarśanaḥ.

47. īśvareṇa prayatnena dhāraṇe kṣatriyasya
hi daṇḍaḥ dattaḥ samānātmā daṇḍaḥ
hi idam sanātanam rājñām pūjyatamaḥ
na anyaḥ yathādharma pradarśanaḥ

47. hi daṇḍaḥ īśvareṇa prayatnena kṣatriyasya
dhāraṇe dattaḥ daṇḍaḥ samānātmā
hi daṇḍaḥ idam sanātanam rājñām na
anyaḥ pūjyatamaḥ yathādharma pradarśanaḥ

47. Indeed, the rod of authority (daṇḍa) was bestowed by the Lord with great effort upon the kshatriya (ruler) for its proper upholding. This authority (daṇḍa) is inherently impartial, and truly, it is an eternal principle (sanātana). Among kings, there is nothing else more venerable than this authority (daṇḍa) which perfectly manifests natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• ईश्वरेण (īśvareṇa) - by the Lord (referring to the divine or supreme being) (by the Lord, by the master, by the sovereign)

• प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - with great effort (by effort, with exertion, with perseverance)

• धारणे (dhāraṇe) - for its proper upholding/maintenance (in holding, in bearing, in upholding, in preserving)

• क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of the kshatriya (the ruling class) (of the kshatriya, of the warrior/ruler class)

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (an emphatic particle) (indeed, for, because, truly)

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - the rod of authority, power (rod, stick, punishment, authority, scepter, control)

• दत्तः (dattaḥ) - was bestowed (upon the kshatriya) (given, bestowed, granted)

• समानात्मा (samānātmā) - inherently impartial (in its application) (having an equal nature, impartial, uniform in character)

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - this authority (daṇḍa) (rod, stick, punishment, authority, scepter, control)

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (an emphatic particle) (indeed, for, because, truly)

• इदम् (idam) - this (referring to daṇḍa) (this, this one, here)

• सनातनम् (sanātanam) - an eternal principle (sanātana) (eternal, perpetual, ancient, everlasting)

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - among kings (of kings)

• पूज्यतमः (pūjyatamaḥ) - most venerable (most venerable, most worshipped, most revered)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - anything else, no other (thing/person) (other, another)

• यथाधर्म (yathādharma) - in conformity with natural law (dharma) (according to natural law, in conformity with dharma, as is proper)

• प्रदर्शनः (pradarśanaḥ) - which perfectly manifests/reveals (showing, displaying, manifesting, revealing)

Words meanings and morphology

ईश्वरेण (īśvareṇa) - by the Lord (referring to the divine or supreme being) (by the Lord, by the master, by the sovereign)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler, controller, God, the Supreme Being

From īś (to be master of, to rule) + vara (suffix).

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Agent of the action dattaḥ.

प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - with great effort (by effort, with exertion, with perseverance)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prayatna

prayatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, attempt, perseverance

From pra- (prefix) + yat (to strive, exert) + na (suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Accompaniment/manner of action.

धारणे (dhāraṇe) - for its proper upholding/maintenance (in holding, in bearing, in upholding, in preserving)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dhāraṇa

dhāraṇa - holding, bearing, supporting, maintaining, preserving, guarding

From dhṛ (to hold, bear) + ana (suffix).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: "in the matter of upholding".

क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of the kshatriya (the ruling class) (of the kshatriya, of the warrior/ruler class)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - belonging to the ruling/warrior class, a member of the kshatriya caste

From kṣatra (rule, dominion) + iya (suffix).

Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Possessive, indicating for whom dhāraṇe is intended.

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (an emphatic particle) (indeed, for, because, truly)

(indeclinable)

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - the rod of authority, power (rod, stick, punishment, authority, scepter, control)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, rod, staff, punishment, chastisement, authority, scepter, army, fine

Root: daṇḍ (class 10)

दत्तः (dattaḥ) - was bestowed (upon the kshatriya) (given, bestowed, granted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, bestowed, presented

Past Passive Participle

From root dā (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies daṇḍaḥ.

समानात्मा (samānātmā) - inherently impartial (in its application) (having an equal nature, impartial, uniform in character)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samānātman

samānātman - having the same nature/essence, impartial, equanimous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (samāna+ātman)

• samāna – equal, same, uniform, similar
  adjective (masculine)
  From sa- (prefix) + māna (measure).
  Prefix: sa
  Root: mā (class 2)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, nature, supreme spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Qualifies daṇḍaḥ.

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - this authority (daṇḍa) (rod, stick, punishment, authority, scepter, control)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, rod, staff, punishment, chastisement, authority, scepter, army, fine

Root: daṇḍ (class 10)

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (an emphatic particle) (indeed, for, because, truly)

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (referring to daṇḍa) (this, this one, here)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Used as a pronoun "this".

सनातनम् (sanātanam) - an eternal principle (sanātana) (eternal, perpetual, ancient, everlasting)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, everlasting, ancient, primeval, traditional

From sanā (always) + tana (suffix).

Note: Qualifies idam.

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - among kings (of kings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, monarch

Irregular declension.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: "Among kings".

पूज्यतमः (pūjyatamaḥ) - most venerable (most venerable, most worshipped, most revered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūjyatama

pūjyatama - most adorable, most venerable, most worshipped

Superlative form of pūjya (venerable).

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Predicate adjective for daṇḍaḥ (implied).

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - anything else, no other (thing/person) (other, another)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: "no other (thing/person)".

यथाधर्म (yathādharma) - in conformity with natural law (dharma) (according to natural law, in conformity with dharma, as is proper)

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound: yathā (as, according to) + dharma.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+dharma)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religious merit
  noun (masculine)
  From dhṛ (to hold, support) + ma (suffix).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies pradarśanaḥ.

प्रदर्शनः (pradarśanaḥ) - which perfectly manifests/reveals (showing, displaying, manifesting, revealing)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradarśana

pradarśana - showing, displaying, manifesting, exhibiting, demonstration

From pra- (prefix) + dṛś (to see) + ana (suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Can be interpreted as "the one who shows" or "that which shows."