महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-121, verse-45
भिक्षुकाः प्राड्विवाकाश्च मौहूर्ता दैवचिन्तकाः ।
कोशो मित्राणि धान्यं च सर्वोपकरणानि च ॥४५॥
कोशो मित्राणि धान्यं च सर्वोपकरणानि च ॥४५॥
45. bhikṣukāḥ prāḍvivākāśca mauhūrtā daivacintakāḥ ,
kośo mitrāṇi dhānyaṁ ca sarvopakaraṇāni ca.
kośo mitrāṇi dhānyaṁ ca sarvopakaraṇāni ca.
45.
bhikṣukāḥ prāḍvivākāḥ ca mauhūrtā daivacintakāḥ
kośaḥ mitrāṇi dhānyam ca sarvopakaraṇāni ca
kośaḥ mitrāṇi dhānyam ca sarvopakaraṇāni ca
45.
bhikṣukāḥ prāḍvivākāḥ ca mauhūrtā daivacintakāḥ
kośaḥ mitrāṇi dhānyam ca sarvopakaraṇāni ca
kośaḥ mitrāṇi dhānyam ca sarvopakaraṇāni ca
45.
...ascetics, judges, astrologers, and diviners of fate; the treasury, allies, grain, and all equipment.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- भिक्षुकाः (bhikṣukāḥ) - renunciates or holy persons influencing state affairs or morality (mendicants, ascetics, beggars)
- प्राड्विवाकाः (prāḍvivākāḥ) - judicial officers or legal advisors within the state structure (judges, arbiters)
- च (ca) - and, also
- मौहूर्ताः (mauhūrtāḥ) - prognosticators who advise on auspicious timings for actions (astrologers, experts in auspicious moments)
- दैवचिन्तकाः (daivacintakāḥ) - advisors who interpret fate or divine will for the state (diviners of fate, thinkers on destiny)
- कोशः (kośaḥ) - financial resources of the state (treasury, fund, storehouse)
- मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - political or military allies of the state (friends, allies)
- धान्यम् (dhānyam) - food resources for the state and its army (grain, corn, cultivated cereals)
- च (ca) - and, also
- सर्वोपकरणानि (sarvopakaraṇāni) - all necessary provisions, tools, and implements for state and military operations (all equipment, all accessories)
- च (ca) - and, also
Words meanings and morphology
भिक्षुकाः (bhikṣukāḥ) - renunciates or holy persons influencing state affairs or morality (mendicants, ascetics, beggars)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bhikṣuka
bhikṣuka - mendicant, beggar, ascetic, one who asks for alms
From root bhikṣ (to beg) + suffix uka.
Root: bhikṣ (class 1)
प्राड्विवाकाः (prāḍvivākāḥ) - judicial officers or legal advisors within the state structure (judges, arbiters)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of prāḍvivāka
prāḍvivāka - judge, arbiter, superintendent of justice
Compound of prāḍ (one who puts questions) and vivāka (one who answers). prāḍ from pra- + āc (to question). vivāka from vi- + vac (to speak, to answer).
Compound type : tatpurusha (prāḍ+vivāka)
- prāḍ – one who questions
noun (masculine)
agent noun
From pra- + āc (to question).
Prefix: pra
Root: āc (class 1) - vivāka – one who answers, discussion
noun (masculine)
agent noun
From vi- + vac (to speak).
Prefix: vi
Root: vac (class 2)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
मौहूर्ताः (mauhūrtāḥ) - prognosticators who advise on auspicious timings for actions (astrologers, experts in auspicious moments)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of mauhūrta
mauhūrta - astrologer, diviner, expert in muhūrta (auspicious time)
Derived from muhūrta (a moment, auspicious time) with a possessive/relation-indicating suffix.
दैवचिन्तकाः (daivacintakāḥ) - advisors who interpret fate or divine will for the state (diviners of fate, thinkers on destiny)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of daivacintaka
daivacintaka - diviner, one who ponders fate, astrologer
Compound of daiva (fate, destiny) and cintaka (thinker, ponderer).
Compound type : tatpurusha (daiva+cintaka)
- daiva – divine, relating to gods, destiny, fate
adjective/noun (neuter)
From deva (god). - cintaka – thinker, ponderer, one who reflects
noun (masculine)
agent noun
From root cint (to think).
Root: cint (class 10)
कोशः (kośaḥ) - financial resources of the state (treasury, fund, storehouse)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kośa
kośa - treasury, fund, storehouse, sheath, casket
From root kuś (to embrace, enclose).
Root: kuś (class 9)
Note: Could also be accusative singular. Context suggests nominative (as part of the list).
मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - political or military allies of the state (friends, allies)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of mitra
mitra - friend, companion, ally, the sun god Mitra
Root: mid (class 4)
Note: Can be nominative or accusative plural.
धान्यम् (dhānyam) - food resources for the state and its army (grain, corn, cultivated cereals)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of dhānya
dhānya - grain, corn, cereals, produce of the field
From dhāna (seed) or dhā (to place, nourish).
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Could also be accusative singular.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
सर्वोपकरणानि (sarvopakaraṇāni) - all necessary provisions, tools, and implements for state and military operations (all equipment, all accessories)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of sarvopakaraṇa
sarvopakaraṇa - all equipment, all accessories, all means
Compound of sarva (all) and upakaraṇa (equipment, implement).
Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+upakaraṇa)
- sarva – all, every, whole
pronoun/adjective (masculine) - upakaraṇa – implement, tool, equipment, accessory, means
noun (neuter)
From upa- + kṛ (to do).
Prefix: upa
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Can be nominative or accusative plural.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)