महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-99, verse-29

विधातृविहितः स त्वं यथा मे प्रथमः सुतः ।
विचित्रवीर्यो ब्रह्मर्षे तथा मेऽवरजः सुतः ॥२९॥

29. vidhātṛvihitaḥ sa tvaṁ yathā me prathamaḥ sutaḥ ,
vicitravīryo brahmarṣe tathā me'varajaḥ sutaḥ.

29. vidhātṛvihitaḥ saḥ tvam yathā me prathamaḥ sutaḥ
vicitravīryaḥ brahmarṣe tathā me avarajaḥ sutaḥ

29. O Brahmarshi, you are ordained by the Creator as my first son, just as Vichitravirya is my younger son.

29. הו חוזה בְּרַהְמִין, כשם שאתה, שנוצרת על פי גזרת הבורא, הוא בני הבכור, כך וִיצ׳ִיטְרַוִירְיַה הוא בני הצעיר.

Words meanings summery:

• विधातृविहितः (vidhātṛvihitaḥ) - ordained by the creator, made by the dispenser, destined

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• मे (me) - my (son) (my, to me, for me)

• प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - first, foremost

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son, child

• विचित्रवीर्यः (vicitravīryaḥ) - Vichitravirya (proper name)

• ब्रह्मर्षे (brahmarṣe) - O Vyasa (O Brahmarshi (sage of Brahmana caste))

• तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

• मे (me) - my (son) (my, to me, for me)

• अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - younger brother, younger son, junior

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son, child

Words meanings and morphology

विधातृविहितः (vidhātṛvihitaḥ) - ordained by the creator, made by the dispenser, destined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhātṛvihita

vidhātṛvihita - ordained by the creator

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vidhātṛ+vihita)

• vidhātṛ – creator, disposer, ordainer (often refers to Brahma)
  noun (masculine)
  From upasarga 'vi' + root 'dhā' (to place, to create) + 'tṛ' agent suffix
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• vihita – ordained, arranged, performed, made
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From upasarga 'vi' + root 'dhā' (to place, to arrange) + 'kta' suffix
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'tvam'.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Corresponds to 'tvam'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to Vyasa.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the comparison.

मे (me) - my (son) (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Possessive, refers to Satyavati.

प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - first, foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, principal

Superlative suffix 'tama' added to 'pra'.

Note: Qualifies 'sutaḥ'.

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son, child

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

Past Passive Participle (from sū - to bear, to produce)

From root 'sū' (4th class, to beget) + kta suffix.

Root: sū (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'tvam'.

विचित्रवीर्यः (vicitravīryaḥ) - Vichitravirya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicitravīrya

vicitravīrya - Vichitravirya (name of a king, son of Shantanu and Satyavati)

Literally 'of variegated valor' or 'of wonderful prowess'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vicitra+vīrya)

• vicitra – variegated, diverse, wonderful
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
• vīrya – valor, prowess, strength
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vī

Note: Subject of the second clause.

ब्रह्मर्षे (brahmarṣe) - O Vyasa (O Brahmarshi (sage of Brahmana caste))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahmarṣi

brahmarṣi - a Brahmin sage, a sage of the highest class

Compound of 'brahman' (Brahmin) and 'ṛṣi' (sage).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+ṛṣi)

• brahman – Brahmin, ultimate reality (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Vyasa.

तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the second part of the comparison.

मे (me) - my (son) (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Possessive, refers to Satyavati.

अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - younger brother, younger son, junior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaraja

avaraja - younger brother, younger born, junior

From 'avara' (later, inferior) + 'ja' (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avara+ja)

• avara – later, inferior, younger
  adjective (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun suffix 'ja'
  From root 'jan' (to be born) + 'ḍa' suffix.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'sutaḥ'.

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son, child

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

Past Passive Participle (from sū - to bear, to produce)

From root 'sū' (4th class, to beget) + kta suffix.

Root: sū (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'Vichitravirya'.

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