महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-99, verse-46

व्यथितां मां च संप्रेक्ष्य पितृवंशं च पीडितम् ।
भीष्मो बुद्धिमदान्मेऽत्र धर्मस्य च विवृद्धये ॥४६॥

46. vyathitāṁ māṁ ca saṁprekṣya pitṛvaṁśaṁ ca pīḍitam ,
bhīṣmo buddhimadānme'tra dharmasya ca vivṛddhaye.

46. vyathitām mām ca samprekṣya pitṛvaṃśam ca pīḍitam
bhīṣmaḥ buddhim adān me atra dharmasya ca vivṛddhaye

46. And having seen me distressed and my paternal lineage afflicted, Bhishma here gave me wisdom (buddhi) for the advancement of natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• व्यथिताम् (vyathitām) - distressed, troubled, agitated

• माम् (mām) - me

• च (ca) - and, also

• सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, having observed, having perceived

• पितृवंशम् (pitṛvaṁśam) - paternal lineage, ancestral line

• च (ca) - and, also

• पीडितम् (pīḍitam) - oppressed, afflicted, tormented

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intelligence, wisdom, counsel (buddhi)

• अदान् (adān) - he gave, he bestowed

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of righteousness (dharma), of natural law

• च (ca) - and, also

• विवृद्धये (vivṛddhaye) - for the growth, for the increase, for the prosperity

Words meanings and morphology

व्यथिताम् (vyathitām) - distressed, troubled, agitated

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, troubled, pained

Past Passive Participle

from root vyath

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `mām`.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, having observed, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from sam-pra-īkṣ

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

पितृवंशम् (pitṛvaṁśam) - paternal lineage, ancestral line

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛvaṃśa

pitṛvaṁśa - paternal lineage, ancestral line, family of the father

tatpurusha compound: pitṛ (father's) + vaṃśa (lineage)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pitṛ+vaṃśa)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• vaṃśa – lineage, race, family, bamboo
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पीडितम् (pīḍitam) - oppressed, afflicted, tormented

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pīḍita

pīḍita - oppressed, afflicted, tormented

Past Passive Participle

from root pīḍ

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with `pitṛvaṃśam`.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru warrior)

बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intelligence, wisdom, counsel (buddhi)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intelligence, wisdom, understanding, counsel

from root budh

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Object of `adān`.

अदान् (adān) - he gave, he bestowed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (luṅ) of dā

root 'dā' in imperfect active 3rd person singular

Root: dā (class 3)

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of righteousness (dharma), of natural law

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विवृद्धये (vivṛddhaye) - for the growth, for the increase, for the prosperity

(noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of vivṛddhi

vivṛddhi - growth, increase, prosperity, development

from vi-vṛdh

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)