महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-99, verse-41

कथमराजकं राष्ट्रं शक्यं धारयितुं प्रभो ।
तस्माद्गर्भं समाधत्स्व भीष्मस्तं वर्धयिष्यति ॥४१॥

41. kathamarājakaṁ rāṣṭraṁ śakyaṁ dhārayituṁ prabho ,
tasmādgarbhaṁ samādhatsva bhīṣmastaṁ vardhayiṣyati.

41. katham arājakam rāṣṭram śakyam dhārayitum prabho
tasmāt garbham samādhatsva bhīṣmaḥ tam vardhayiṣyati

41. O Lord, how can a kingdom (rāṣṭra) without a ruler be maintained? Therefore, conceive a child; Bhishma will raise him.

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

• अराजकम् (arājakam) - kingless, without a ruler

• राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - The political entity being discussed. (kingdom, country, realm)

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable, able

• धारयितुम् (dhārayitum) - to maintain, to support, to hold, to govern

• प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord, O Master

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• गर्भम् (garbham) - A child to be conceived. (embryo, fetus, womb, pregnancy)

• समाधत्स्व (samādhatsva) - conceive a child. (conceive, place, establish, concentrate)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

• तम् (tam) - Refers to the conceived child/embryo. (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• वर्धयिष्यति (vardhayiṣyati) - will cause to grow, will nourish, will raise

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

अराजकम् (arājakam) - kingless, without a ruler

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of arājaka

arājaka - kingless, without a king, anarchic

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of a- (negation) + rājaka (having a king)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+rājaka)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• rājaka – having a king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From rājan (king) + -ka (suffix)

Note: Qualifies 'rāṣṭram'.

राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - The political entity being discussed. (kingdom, country, realm)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, country, realm, state, empire

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'to be' and complement of 'śakyam'.

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable, able

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, practicable, to be able

Gerundive

Derived from root śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective, indicating possibility.

धारयितुम् (dhārayitum) - to maintain, to support, to hold, to govern

(infinitive)

Note: Used with 'śakyam' to mean 'possible to maintain'.

प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord, O Master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, sovereign, powerful

From pra- (prefix) + bhū (to be)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Address to the listener.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb introducing a consequence.

गर्भम् (garbham) - A child to be conceived. (embryo, fetus, womb, pregnancy)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of garbha

garbha - womb, embryo, fetus, child, interior

Note: Object of 'samādhatsva'.

समाधत्स्व (samādhatsva) - conceive a child. (conceive, place, establish, concentrate)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of samādhā

Imperative Mood

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada) of root dhā with prefixes sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Command to the listener.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a prominent character in the Mahābhārata), terrible, formidable

Note: Subject of 'vardhayiṣyati'.

तम् (tam) - Refers to the conceived child/embryo. (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'vardhayiṣyati'.

वर्धयिष्यति (vardhayiṣyati) - will cause to grow, will nourish, will raise

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vṛdh

Future Tense, Causal stem

Future tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of the causal form of root vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Finite verb.