महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-99, verse-27

तमासनगतं माता पृष्ट्वा कुशलमव्ययम् ।
सत्यवत्यभिवीक्ष्यैनमुवाचेदमनन्तरम् ॥२७॥

27. tamāsanagataṁ mātā pṛṣṭvā kuśalamavyayam ,
satyavatyabhivīkṣyainamuvācedamanantaram.

27. tam āsanagatam mātā pṛṣṭvā kuśalam avyayam
satyavatī abhivīkṣya enam uvāca idam anantaram

27. After he was seated, his mother Satyavati, having inquired about his unwavering well-being, looked at him and then immediately said the following.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that one

• आसनगतम् (āsanagatam) - seated on a seat, having gone to a seat

• माता (mātā) - Satyavati (mother)

• पृष्ट्वा (pṛṣṭvā) - having asked, having questioned

• कुशलम् (kuśalam) - about his well-being (welfare, well-being, skill)

• अव्ययम् (avyayam) - unwavering (welfare) (imperishable, unchanging, enduring, unfailing)

• सत्यवती (satyavatī) - Satyavati (proper name)

• अभिवीक्ष्य (abhivīkṣya) - having looked at, having perceived, having observed

• एनम् (enam) - him, this one

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इदम् (idam) - this, these (words)

• अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately after, subsequently

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Vyasa.

आसनगतम् (āsanagatam) - seated on a seat, having gone to a seat

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āsanagata

āsanagata - seated, gone to a seat

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āsana+gata)

• āsana – seat, sitting
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ās (class 2)
• gata – gone, arrived, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (1st class) + kta suffix
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (Vyasa).

माता (mātā) - Satyavati (mother)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पृष्ट्वा (pṛṣṭvā) - having asked, having questioned

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root praś (6th class) + ktvā suffix. Original root is pracch, which becomes praś in some forms.

Root: praś (class 6)

कुशलम् (kuśalam) - about his well-being (welfare, well-being, skill)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kuśala

kuśala - well-being, welfare, auspiciousness, skilled, clever

Note: Object of inquiry.

अव्ययम् (avyayam) - unwavering (welfare) (imperishable, unchanging, enduring, unfailing)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avyaya

avyaya - imperishable, unchanging, eternal; an indeclinable word

Neg. prefix 'a-' + 'vyaya' (perishable, spending).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyaya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vyaya – spending, loss, perishability
  noun (masculine)
  From 'vi' + 'i' (to go) + 'ac' suffix, or 'vi' + 'aya'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'kuśalam'.

सत्यवती (satyavatī) - Satyavati (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of satyavatī

satyavatī - Satyavati (name of a queen in Mahabharata, mother of Vyasa)

From 'satya' (truth) + 'vat' (possessing) + 'ī' (feminine suffix)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अभिवीक्ष्य (abhivīkṣya) - having looked at, having perceived, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From upasargas 'abhi' + 'vi' + root 'īkṣ' (1st class) + 'lyaP' suffix

Prefixes: abhi+vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

एनम् (enam) - him, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him

Note: Refers to Vyasa.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular active, from root vac (2nd class), with reduplication and vṛddhi

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this, these (words)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to the speech that follows.

अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately after, subsequently

(indeclinable)

From 'a-' (not) + 'antara' (interval, difference)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+antara)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• antara – interval, difference, inner, interior
  noun (neuter)

Note: Functions as an adverb here.